. Republican Rome; her conquests, manners and institutions from the earliest times to the death of Caesar . rules in open defiance of the law. Helives in jealous seclusion from his subjects, and is surroundedday and night by a strong bodyguard. He grows rich on thespoils of the murdered nobles, and crushes the people byenforced labour. After enduring his tyranny for twenty-fouryears, high and low make common cause against him, and heand his sons are driven into exile. Ivike his two immediate predecessors, the second Tarquinwas a great builder. To him is ascribed the construction ofthe Cloaca M
. Republican Rome; her conquests, manners and institutions from the earliest times to the death of Caesar . rules in open defiance of the law. Helives in jealous seclusion from his subjects, and is surroundedday and night by a strong bodyguard. He grows rich on thespoils of the murdered nobles, and crushes the people byenforced labour. After enduring his tyranny for twenty-fouryears, high and low make common cause against him, and heand his sons are driven into exile. Ivike his two immediate predecessors, the second Tarquinwas a great builder. To him is ascribed the construction ofthe Cloaca Maxima, part of which still serves its original purpose,after the lapse of twenty-four centuries ; and during his reignthe temple of Jupiter on the Capitol, which had been plannedby his grandfather, was begun and carried almost to was his energy less conspicuous in his dealings with the * Dionysius, iv. 13. ^ Livy, i. 45. 18 Mi I ^ ^?-;j^^ n-i^i liEiS rv :<^ «(|d im ? :/ Jg| 3b ? 1 I- ^ •^^M 1 j| K 7; . .1 ^^^^^k oHB • ^S E \ lii ^H iH Hi J ^^H ^^HHBi 1 -^^ m/Km fl^HBi \^mm. FOUNDATION OF ROME neighbours and rivals of Rome. He put down a conspiracyof the lyatins, and from him dates the long series of warswith the Volscians, which lasted, with interruptions, for twohundred years.^ With Tarquin also, if we may trust ourauthorities, began that system of military colonies whichis so characteristic of Roman policy. The First Two Centuries We may now look back for a moment and trace in outlinethe growth of Rome during the two centuries and a half whichelapsed between the foundation of the city and the expulsionof the kings. Beginning, like the other towns of Latium, asa rude shepherd stronghold, the little settlement on thePalatine steadily expands, until it takes in the whole circle ofthe seven hills, which are enclosed in one strong rampart bythe wisest of the Roman kings. Step by step with this internalgrowth, the frontier of Rome is pushed forward by a succe
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