. Animal physiology. Physiology, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. WINGS OF BIRDS AND BATS. 49i tion varies considerably. We have seen that, in the Bird, the required extent of surface is chiefly given by the feathers Coccyx Tibia Tarsus. Clavicle Sternum Fig. 235.—Skeleton of Bird. (§. 87); these are supported upon an anterior member, of which the arm and fore-arm (especially the latter) constitute the largest part, the hand being contracted and consolidated (Fig. 235). But in the Bat, the plan is very different. We have here no long stiff feathers, by the projection of which from the lim
. Animal physiology. Physiology, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. WINGS OF BIRDS AND BATS. 49i tion varies considerably. We have seen that, in the Bird, the required extent of surface is chiefly given by the feathers Coccyx Tibia Tarsus. Clavicle Sternum Fig. 235.—Skeleton of Bird. (§. 87); these are supported upon an anterior member, of which the arm and fore-arm (especially the latter) constitute the largest part, the hand being contracted and consolidated (Fig. 235). But in the Bat, the plan is very different. We have here no long stiff feathers, by the projection of which from the limb itself, the surface maybe increased to almost any extent; but the wing is formed by an expansion of soft and delicate skin, over a framework of bones, which must consequently be made to support it to its very edge. This is accomplished by the enor- mous extension of the bones of the hand, especially the meta- carpal, which are here separate ; and the membrane is farther sustained by the legs and tail. The thumb is not included in. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Carpenter, William Benjamin, 1813-1885. London : Wm. S. Orr and Co.
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