. The anatomy of the domestic animals. Veterinary anatomy. ARTICULATIONS OF THE THOR-\X COSTO-VERTEBRAL ARTICULATIONS 21c The joint surfaces are oblique, coming verj' close to the median line ventrally, but separated by a cDiLsidcralile inter\-al dorsally. A triangular rough area cuts into the medial part of each of the atlantal articular surfaces. There are two roomy joint capsules, which sometimes communicate ventrally, especially in old subjects. The dorsal atlanto-occipital membrane (Membrana atlanto-occipitalis dorsalis) extends from tlie dorsal arch of the atlas to the dorsal margin of t
. The anatomy of the domestic animals. Veterinary anatomy. ARTICULATIONS OF THE THOR-\X COSTO-VERTEBRAL ARTICULATIONS 21c The joint surfaces are oblique, coming verj' close to the median line ventrally, but separated by a cDiLsidcralile inter\-al dorsally. A triangular rough area cuts into the medial part of each of the atlantal articular surfaces. There are two roomy joint capsules, which sometimes communicate ventrally, especially in old subjects. The dorsal atlanto-occipital membrane (Membrana atlanto-occipitalis dorsalis) extends from tlie dorsal arch of the atlas to the dorsal margin of the foramen mag- num. It is blended with the cajisulcs and contains manj' elastic fibers. The ventral atlanto-occipital membrane (Membrana atlanto-occipitalis ven- tralis) extends from the ventral arch of the atlas to the ventral margin of the fora- men magnum. It is narrower and thiimer than the dorsal membrane, and also fuses with the joint capsules. The lateral atlantal ligaments (Ligg. lateralia atlantis) are two short bands which are j^artially blentleil with the capsules. Each is attached to the border of the wing of the atlas near the intervertebral foramen, and to the lateral surface of the paramastoid process of the occipital bone. Movements.—These are chiefly flexion and extension. A small amount of lateral obliciue movement is also possible. Articulations of the Thorax costo-vertebral articulations Each topical rili forms two joints with the vertebral column, one by its head, and one bj' its tubercle. They are termed respectiveh* costo-central and costo- transverse joints. I. The costo-central articulation (Articulatio capituli) is a trochoid or rotatory joint, formed by the junction of the head of the rib with the bodies of two adjacent vertebrte and the interv'ertebral fibro-cartilage. The two facets on the head of the rib are separated by a non-articular groove, and correspond to the two concave facets (Fovese costales) on the vertebral bodies. The joint capsule
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectveterinaryanatomy
