Chemical engineering . eans of a suitable slag. But inthe present case the reagent is applied in the nascentstate, being set free at the fused metal (which forms oneelectrode) from an electrolyte containing the purifyingreagent as an ion. For instance, the fused metal may bemade cathode, and as electrolyte may be used the salt of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal, not volatile at the tem-perature used. In this way iron and steel may be purifiedby contact with fused calcium chloride as calcium is set free at the surface of the metal andthen serves as the purifying reagent. If a
Chemical engineering . eans of a suitable slag. But inthe present case the reagent is applied in the nascentstate, being set free at the fused metal (which forms oneelectrode) from an electrolyte containing the purifyingreagent as an ion. For instance, the fused metal may bemade cathode, and as electrolyte may be used the salt of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal, not volatile at the tem-perature used. In this way iron and steel may be purifiedby contact with fused calcium chloride as calcium is set free at the surface of the metal andthen serves as the purifying reagent. If a metal is to befreed from casily-oxidizable impurities, it is made anode,and an electrolyte is used which yields oxygen at theanode. Electrolytic Production of Metallic Sodium.—E. A. Ash-croft, 801,t99, Oct. 10. Application filed Oct. 3, 1903,The inventor uses a cell, which is in principle like theCastner-Kcllner: but on account of the employment of 432 ELECTROCHEMICAL .WD INDUSTRY. [ III. No. FIG. I.—ELECTROLYTIC PRODLCTIONOF SODIU.\t. (used sails, he cannot use mercury, and employs, therefore,fused lead like Acker. The Ashcroft cell is shown inFig. I. At the bottom of the whole cell is the fused The central compartment .\ contains fused sodiumchloride as electrolyte ahovc the fused lead. D is the car- U anode; it is grooved to provide a large surface. C ishe outlet for the chlorine gas set free at the anode, Bthe salt feed. The sod-ium which is set free atthe surface of the lead(which here acts ascathode) alloys with thelead. By means of theelectromagnet G. set inthe iron pot G to closethe magnetic circuit, thecontents of the cell areforced to whirl more orless violently, so thatthe sodium-lead alloy islirought from the cen-tral inner compartmentinto the annular outerdepartment. Here thesodium-lead aloy formsthe anode: the elec-trolyte J is fused caus-tic soda. The cathodesL are of nickel or electrolrtic actionin tliis outer compa
Size: 1276px × 1959px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectmetallu, bookyear1902
