. The ocean carrier; a history and analysis of the service and a discussion of the rates of ocean transportation . atched 117 steamers with about four times thetonnage total of 1852. The average tonnagewas almost exactly one thousand tons per predominance of New York in the trans-atlantic line traffic and consequently in the coast-ing lines caused it to become quite largely theclearing-house for the coasting trade. Go toNew York and transfer was the easiest the Civil War onward that city had steamconnection with the coast of Maine at Portland,with the leading Gulf ports, an
. The ocean carrier; a history and analysis of the service and a discussion of the rates of ocean transportation . atched 117 steamers with about four times thetonnage total of 1852. The average tonnagewas almost exactly one thousand tons per predominance of New York in the trans-atlantic line traffic and consequently in the coast-ing lines caused it to become quite largely theclearing-house for the coasting trade. Go toNew York and transfer was the easiest the Civil War onward that city had steamconnection with the coast of Maine at Portland,with the leading Gulf ports, and with the chiefports between. In 1859, the Boston Chamberof Commerce tried to improve the connections ofits port, because the only way from Boston topoints below Baltimore was by sailing vessel director by transshipment at New York. In 1854 theMerchants & Miners Transportation Company,a combination of Maryland and Massachusettscapital, had started service which connectedBaltimore with Boston without making a NewYork stop, and the agitation of commercial in-terests in Boston in 1859 had the service, which. O) Coastwise Line Traffic 225 also included Pro\adence, extended to Savannahin addition to the two Chesapeake ports of Bal-timore and Norfolk. Excepting the interruptionsdue to the war, this service has been steadilymaintained, and is one of the few important ser-vices that do not touch New York, and the onlyone that steams regardlessly past that port. Theother services on a par with this have been theBoston services to Maine and the CanadianMaritime Provinces and the Philadelphia linesto Savannah and Florida points, but these Phil-adelphia lines have not been steadily maintained. The decade following 1873 marks an epochin the coasting line traffic. The country thensuffered from general hard times with the accom-paniment of reduced traffic, loss of dividends,failures, reorganizations, consolidations and forcedeconomies. For the coasting lines, this wasaccentuated by the devel
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