. The mastery of water. onstrated in books onmechanics, the force which the water exerts outwards isapproximately— 100 X 63 X 63 ^„„^ „- 32 X 2 = 6-200 lb. or nearly three tons. One of the chief advantages of such a pump is that ithas no valves, and it is, therefore, particularly useful formuddy water. When this is passed through an ordinarypump the fine particles either prevent the valves fromclosing properly, or cause wear by scouring the metalsurfaces. In either case leakages are produced, and thepump is soon in need of repair. PUMPS AND HOW THEY WORK. 31 All the contrivances we have descri
. The mastery of water. onstrated in books onmechanics, the force which the water exerts outwards isapproximately— 100 X 63 X 63 ^„„^ „- 32 X 2 = 6-200 lb. or nearly three tons. One of the chief advantages of such a pump is that ithas no valves, and it is, therefore, particularly useful formuddy water. When this is passed through an ordinarypump the fine particles either prevent the valves fromclosing properly, or cause wear by scouring the metalsurfaces. In either case leakages are produced, and thepump is soon in need of repair. PUMPS AND HOW THEY WORK. 31 All the contrivances we have described so far requireto be worked by hand, or by a steam engine or electricmotor ; but there is one interesting form in which steamis used directly. In this case the steam engine and thepump are one and cannot be separated. There are nowheels or pistons, and the only things that move arethe steam and the water. It is, extremely simple inaction, and the accompanying diagram will enable you tounderstand how it By courtesy of Gwynnes, Ltd., Hammersmith. A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP. The pump consists of two pear-shaped vessels whichcommunicate at the top with the same steam pipe. Atthis point is a ball valve, which, by rolling to one sideor the other shuts off steam from one of the the bottom are two valves, the lower one guarding theentrance to the suction pipe, and the higher one leadingto the delivery pipe. Suppose, now, that both chambersare full of water and that steam is admitted into the topof the right-hand chamber, so forcing the water throughthe delivery valve. As the water is still, very little steam 32 THE MASTERY OF WATER. condenses on the surface until the level falls below thatof the delivery valve. At that moment the steam bubbles STEAM PIPE
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectwatersupply, bookyear
