Handbook to the ethnographical collections . ah, and occupying parts ofOregon, Montana, North Texas,Kansas, Nevada, Arizona, andS. California, lived the Shoshone-Pawnee family of which, besidesthe Shoshone or Snakes, and thePawnee of Kansas, the principaltribes were the Ute, the Comanche,and the Hopi. The latter tribe,though speaking a Shoshone dia-lect, was sedentary, and dwelt intowns or pueblos, and thereforeforms a transition to the group ofsettled and semi-civilized Piiel)lo Indians in New Mexico of whomthe Zuni were a prominent tribe. Affiliated l>y their way of life tothe Pueblopeopl
Handbook to the ethnographical collections . ah, and occupying parts ofOregon, Montana, North Texas,Kansas, Nevada, Arizona, andS. California, lived the Shoshone-Pawnee family of which, besidesthe Shoshone or Snakes, and thePawnee of Kansas, the principaltribes were the Ute, the Comanche,and the Hopi. The latter tribe,though speaking a Shoshone dia-lect, was sedentary, and dwelt intowns or pueblos, and thereforeforms a transition to the group ofsettled and semi-civilized Piiel)lo Indians in New Mexico of whomthe Zuni were a prominent tribe. Affiliated l>y their way of life tothe Pueblopeopleweretheneighbouring Yuma and Pima of Arizona. North of the Northern Algonkins, stretcliing from Alaska toHudsons Bay, lay the Tinne or Athapascans, who also hadisolated branches much further south, such as the Umqua andHupa of Oregon, and the dreaded Apache and Navajo of Arizona,New Mexico, and Colorado. Last came the Californian tribes, divided into numerous smallgroups, among which may ]>e mentioned the Klamath, Modoc,Euroc, and FrG. 246.— Copper used as aliigh iniit of currency ; (he paint-ing represents the bear. Tsini-shian, British Columljia. 266 AMERICA With the advance of the European rate the old tribalterritories passed for the most part out of Indian hands. Manytribes, especially those in the east and centre of the United m Fig. 247.—Whistle and oboes of wood used in Charlotte Inlands. Haida of States and Canada, are extinct; others have Ijeen removed fromtheir homes and placed in the Indian Reservations. Only inthinly inhabited regions in the north and west the tribes stilloccupy their ancient territory. NORTH AMERICA 267 The reintroduction of the horse into America by the Spaniardsin the sixteenth centiuy. and the spread of that useful animal tothe north, must have changed the whole life of the Indian tribesin the plains of North America, and greatly contribvited to a
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