. Principles and practice of plumbing . -der the same conditions, and copperpipes will heat from 45 to 60 gallonsper hour for each square foot of sur-face exposed to the fire. In calculat-ing the heating capacity of a water-back or coil, the average tempera-ture of the water is taken; thus, ifwater at 60 degrees Fahrenheit isheated to 200 degrees Fahrenheit,the average temperature of thewater would be 60 + 200 ^ 2 = 130degrees Fahrenheit, and the rangeof temperature through which it is heated would be200 — 60 = 140 degrees Fahrenheit. Water Heaters.—A magazine feeding water heater,such as is u
. Principles and practice of plumbing . -der the same conditions, and copperpipes will heat from 45 to 60 gallonsper hour for each square foot of sur-face exposed to the fire. In calculat-ing the heating capacity of a water-back or coil, the average tempera-ture of the water is taken; thus, ifwater at 60 degrees Fahrenheit isheated to 200 degrees Fahrenheit,the average temperature of thewater would be 60 + 200 ^ 2 = 130degrees Fahrenheit, and the rangeof temperature through which it is heated would be200 — 60 = 140 degrees Fahrenheit. Water Heaters.—A magazine feeding water heater,such as is used for heating large quantities of water inapartment houses, barber shops, bathing establishments,etc., is shown in section in Fig. 123. It consists simply ofa combustion chamber surrounded by an annular spacethrough which water circulates and is heated from theflames and hot gases within. Heaters of this type are madehaving capacities of from 50 to 600 gallons per hour, andlarger sectional heaters of different types are made with. Fig. 12:1Wator Heater Digitized by Microsoft® Principles and Practice of Plumbing 257 capacities up to several thousand gallons per hour. Theheater shown in the illustration has a magazine feed. Thisconsists simply of a tube in the center of the heater thatholds several hours supply of coal and automatically feedsit to the fire. It can be made into a hand-fired heater byremoving the magazine. A magazine feed heater, however,is preferable to a hand feed heater for the reason that itwill run for 24 hours if necessary without attention. Capacity of Water Heaters,—The capacity of awater heater depends upon the amount of coal it can effi-ciently burn during a given period of time, and the con-ductivity and thickness of the walls of the fire-box. Boileriron is a better conductor of heat than cast iron, thereforea boiler iron heater of given surface will heat more waterin an hour than will a cast iron heater of equal surface, the-amount of coal burn
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