. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. LIQUIDS AND AI^LIED EXPERIMENTS. 69 The diffusion of air through strong KCl shows at the outset a peculiarly rapid march. This is probably due to the fact that, to remove air bubbles, the water was placed under a relatively high partial vacuum. The rapid diffusion observed is in correspondence with the restoration of a normal amount of air to the water. Thereafter the march of results is fairly regular, apart from the invariable temperature fluctuation. From a mean line drawn through the observations, the coefficient of diffusion may be found a
. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. LIQUIDS AND AI^LIED EXPERIMENTS. 69 The diffusion of air through strong KCl shows at the outset a peculiarly rapid march. This is probably due to the fact that, to remove air bubbles, the water was placed under a relatively high partial vacuum. The rapid diffusion observed is in correspondence with the restoration of a normal amount of air to the water. Thereafter the march of results is fairly regular, apart from the invariable temperature fluctuation. From a mean line drawn through the observations, the coefficient of diffusion may be found as follows: i'(, = , day, or io^V' = These data are to be converted, as stated above, by deducting hir'jH of their value where 11 = 65 and 7r=, so that 8ir'/H = which is not appreciable in its bearing on k. The coefffcient is thus smaller than the lowest result for air and water, or quite small as compared with the normal datum for an air-and-water system. It follows, therefore, that the intermolecular pores of water are quite effectively stopped up by the presence of KCl molecules between them. Diffusion proceeds much more slowly. It would be an interesting inquiry to find how different gases behave in relation to this stoppage; but the work is not yet advanced enough to warrant speculation on such questions. It is obvious, however, that from extended series of results like the following, definite conclusions as to the effect of density of solution and chemical constitution, etc., on the structure of the molecular pores must eventually be reached. 44. The Same, Continued.—The solution was now diluted with water to about double the above volume, showing the density of p„= at 23°. This is equivalent to grams of KCl in 100 grams of solution, or to grams of salt in 100 grams of water. The vapor pressures are now larger, tt' = 7r( I — ) being the value inserted and holding as above stated for brine. The reduction to KCl require
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