. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 512 RUMINANTIA. its base to the tympanic bulla (Jig. 334%). The latter is much compressed, and also firmly connected above to the paramastoid apophyses of the occipital, leaving a con- spicuous cavity between. In the Llamas, at the root of the zygomatic apophysis, there is a large round foramen immediately above the external meatus. In Cervidse and Antelo- pidae the post-glenoid apophysis is feebly developed, and the base of the zygoma is flattened and prolonged backwards toward the occipital crest; the squamous portion
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 512 RUMINANTIA. its base to the tympanic bulla (Jig. 334%). The latter is much compressed, and also firmly connected above to the paramastoid apophyses of the occipital, leaving a con- spicuous cavity between. In the Llamas, at the root of the zygomatic apophysis, there is a large round foramen immediately above the external meatus. In Cervidse and Antelo- pidae the post-glenoid apophysis is feebly developed, and the base of the zygoma is flattened and prolonged backwards toward the occipital crest; the squamous portion is rather extensive and the tympanic bulla of large size. Similar arrangements obtain in the Giraffe, but the zygomatic apophyses are more curved than in the Stags. The base of the zygomatic process in many of the Ante- lopidai is pierced by an oval opening, which is situated midway between the external auditory meatus and the glenoid facet; and from it there sometimes proceeds a fissure, which takes an upward direction, to join the parieto-temporal or squamous suture.* This foramen occurs in the Muntjack deer (Jig. 331.), and, as we have before stated, in the Fig. Cranium cf the Muntjack. (From Lond. Coll. Surg. Museum.) Llamas also. In CEgosceridas the squamous portion of the temporal is comparatively small (e, Jig. 335.), and the tympanic bulla, which is moderately large and somewhat flattened, terminates by a sharp styloid pro- cess anteriorly. The post-glenoid apophysis is represented by a very narrow ridge of bone, leaving only a slit-like cavity between it and the meatus. In Bovidee the temporals (e, fig. 327.) are partially hid by the overhanging frontals : they devclope short and strong zygomatic apophyses ; their bullas (e',fig. 327.) * F. Cuvier. are much narrowed, and their styloid pro- cesses are divided at the tip into several needle- shaped points. Bones of the face. — These are more nu- merous than those of the cranium, and we shall only notice the more
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