. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. Birds. Figure 1. Adult (a & b) and juvenile (c & d) dorsal tail patterns (right half only shown) in Oenanthe phillipsi, showing minimum and maximum extent of black or brown in each age group. All tails illus- trated are freshly are browner and are broader on both webs (Fig. 1); belly and under tail-coverts white smudged with dark brown, especially near breast; primaries dark brown, tipped buff when fresh; secondaries and tertials dark brown, tipped and fringed on outer web with buff; wing-coverts buff (basally greyish-brown); un
. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. Birds. Figure 1. Adult (a & b) and juvenile (c & d) dorsal tail patterns (right half only shown) in Oenanthe phillipsi, showing minimum and maximum extent of black or brown in each age group. All tails illus- trated are freshly are browner and are broader on both webs (Fig. 1); belly and under tail-coverts white smudged with dark brown, especially near breast; primaries dark brown, tipped buff when fresh; secondaries and tertials dark brown, tipped and fringed on outer web with buff; wing-coverts buff (basally greyish-brown); underwing as adult; bill dark brown, basally horn. Hence, important juvenile characteristics are: brown on the back, brown and grey on the areas which are black in adults, tail pattern and colour of primaries. In addition, the juvenile primaries are broader and rounder than those of adults, which are more squarely-tipped (Fig. 2). This is particularly evident on primary 9 (descendent). The buff wing-coverts are less useful for identification as they are soon replaced by pale grey ones (see below). Apart from the wing-coverts, the juvenile characters may be traced in older birds, and permit separation of first-year individuals from adults. FIRST WINTER (UNTIL JANUARY) MALE AND FEMALE The plumage of first-winter birds does not appear to have been described before. It is developed from the juvenile dress by wear and a prolonged post- juvenile moult (described below). An asterisk indicates features which differ noticeably from the fully-adult plumage: forehead and supercilium white; ^ ^ Figure 2. Primary 9 (numbering des- cendently) of (a) adult and (b) immature Oenanthe Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original British Ornithologists' Club. London : The Club
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectbirds, bookyear1893
