. The breast: its anomalies, its diseases, and their treatment . s have been made. THE NORMAL BREAST 9 Histology.—A scientific study of the minute anatomy and histology of the breastthat is to form the basis of pathological studies and comparisons should take cognizanceof the age of the patient, the sexual condition of the patient, whether menstruating,pregnant, lactating, recovering from lactation, climacteric, senile, or suffering fromovarian or uterine disease, for each produces some modification in the breast whichshould be considered normal to the time of life or condition of the patient.
. The breast: its anomalies, its diseases, and their treatment . s have been made. THE NORMAL BREAST 9 Histology.—A scientific study of the minute anatomy and histology of the breastthat is to form the basis of pathological studies and comparisons should take cognizanceof the age of the patient, the sexual condition of the patient, whether menstruating,pregnant, lactating, recovering from lactation, climacteric, senile, or suffering fromovarian or uterine disease, for each produces some modification in the breast whichshould be considered normal to the time of life or condition of the patient. Few studies of this nature have been made as the necessary material is difficult toobtain. The best work of the kind that we have been able to find is by F. Berka, DieBrustdriise verschiedener Altersstufen und wahrend der Schwangerschaft (FrankfurterZeitschrift fiir Pathologic, 1911, VIII, 203). The Parenchyma.—Should we select for study the shapely mammary gland of a youngbut sexually mature virgin, we would find each lobe of the glandular parenchyma be-. Acini of gland ^H I- Adipose loculus Gland loculus Fig. 7.—The female mamma during lactation. (After Luschka.) ginning—or rather ending, but for purposes of description the order will be reversed—in the orifice of a duct upon the flattened surface of the nipple. These openings arenormally collapsed as are the ducts below, and cannot be found by external squamous epithelium of the epiderm of the nipple is continued in a stratified layer,into the glandular duct below, to a varying depth, and sometimes, if not commonly,to spindle-shaped expansions beginning just at the base of the nipple, and known asthe ampullcB or tubuli lactiferi or tubuli galactophori. These correspond to the milk sinusesof the udders of cattle and serve to collect the milk, and it is from them that tiny streamsof milk are sometimes momentarily ejected by the contraction of the muscular tissueat the moment a nursing mother is ready
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectbreast, bookyear1917
