. Chambers's encyclopaedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge. jieriod led to a vast extension ofthe trade, wiiicli partly continued after the periodof inflation had passed. Tiie first mill was startedin 1854, and ten years later there were 13. In 1887there were 75 factories ; and in 1891 there were 80,witii IS, 192 looms and 2,330,408 spindles. There isstill a large but decreasing import of cotton goodsfrom England, but though, on account of currencyand other difliculties, the cotton trade was greatlydepressed in 1892-93, Bomliay not merely competeswith Maiiciiester in the Indian markets, b
. Chambers's encyclopaedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge. jieriod led to a vast extension ofthe trade, wiiicli partly continued after the periodof inflation had passed. Tiie first mill was startedin 1854, and ten years later there were 13. In 1887there were 75 factories ; and in 1891 there were 80,witii IS, 192 looms and 2,330,408 spindles. There isstill a large but decreasing import of cotton goodsfrom England, but though, on account of currencyand other difliculties, the cotton trade was greatlydepressed in 1892-93, Bomliay not merely competeswith Maiiciiester in the Indian markets, but largelyex])orts its own manufactures. The town of Bomliayis naturally the chief centre of the cotton manufac-ture, as it is the jtlace whence cotton and cottongoods are exported. For Indian cotton-growingand cotton-manufacturing, .see also \o\. III. ]» and 515. The rajiid growth and present con-dition of the cotton industry is the more striking 284 BOMBAY in view of the abolition, in 1881, of the duty oncotton imports, which placed the local industry. Cotton Merchants at Bombay. at a disadvantage. After cotton, the other greatstaples are opium, wheat, and seeds. The tradein opium is worth nearly five millions sterling, twomillions being the clear revenue derived by govern-ment from a pass duty of 550 rupees a of recent origin, the wheat trade hasassumed large proportions ; the exports in someyears have had a value of over £6,000,000. Otherprincipal exports are sugar, tea, raw wotd, woollenshawls, libres, and ilrugs ; while among the importsare machinery, metals, oils, coal, and liquors. Silk-weaving is carried on at Ahmedabad, Surat, Nasik,Yeola, and Poona; carpets are made at Ahmed-nagar; leather-work and pottery in Sind ; brass-ware in Bomliay city, Nasik, and Poona; cutlery,armour, and gold and silver work in Cutcii. —In theyear 1891-92 the total imports had a value of£36,776,556, including over £11,000,000 of treasure,about two-thirds being from
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