. Botanical and vegetation survey of Carter County, Montana, Bureau of Land Management-administered lands . Botany; Rare plants. Linaria canadensis (L.) Chaz. van texana (Scheele) Pennell BLUE TOADFLAX Figwort Family (Scrophulariaceae) CONSERVATION STATUS U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service: None. Bureau of Land Management: None. Montana Natural Heritage Program: G4G5 S1; Probably secure on a range wide basis, but may be critically imperiled in Montana where it is extremely rare. DESCRIPTION: Blue toadflax is a slender annual with erect, unbranched stems, 1 -5 dm (4-20 in) tall. There is a rosette
. Botanical and vegetation survey of Carter County, Montana, Bureau of Land Management-administered lands . Botany; Rare plants. Linaria canadensis (L.) Chaz. van texana (Scheele) Pennell BLUE TOADFLAX Figwort Family (Scrophulariaceae) CONSERVATION STATUS U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service: None. Bureau of Land Management: None. Montana Natural Heritage Program: G4G5 S1; Probably secure on a range wide basis, but may be critically imperiled in Montana where it is extremely rare. DESCRIPTION: Blue toadflax is a slender annual with erect, unbranched stems, 1 -5 dm (4-20 in) tall. There is a rosette of prostrate stems at the base; the leaves of which are narrowly oblong, 5-10 mm long, and opposite or in whorls of 3. Stem leaves are narrower; the lower are opposite or in whorls of 3, becoming alternate above. Foliage is glabrous, often with a thin, bluish, waxy coating. Short-stalked flowers are borne in an elongating, spike-like inflorescence. The snapdragon-like blue flowers, 8-12 mm long, have 5 sepals and a 2-lipped corolla. The lower lip is horizontal and 3-lobed, while the upper is 2- lobed and erect. There is a linear, down-curved spur, 2-11 mm long, at the base of the corolla. The fruit is a globose, many-seeded capsule, 2-4 mm high. Flowering in May-June. The blue, spurred flowers and basal rosette of prostrate stems are diagnostic. Current taxonomic treatments regard this as a distinct species, Nuttallanthus texanus (Scheele) D. A. Sutton. There are no other closely related species or varieties in the state. It is not to be mistaken by its common name with the exotic species, Dalmatian toadflax {Linaria dalmatica); treated in a separate genus by this taxonomic revision. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION Global distribution: Eastern 2/3 of the United States, southeastern Canada, northern Mexico, and along the Pacific Coast from British Columbia south to Baja (Great Plains Flora Association 1986). Montana distribution: Two occurrences are known from eastern Montana in Cart
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