. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 486 THE CAMPANULALES flowers in heads subtended by one or more rows of bracts that form a calyx-like involucre (Fig. 338, in). This type of in- florescence might readily be mistaken for a single flower as the buttercup, rose, etc. This tendency to group the flowers in heads and compact clusters has been attained in several orders, notably the mustards, peas, Umbelliferae, mints, scrophularias, and especially in the Teasel family, page 482. But in no group has the aggregation been so successful and coupled with such efficient types of flowers. Leaving
. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 486 THE CAMPANULALES flowers in heads subtended by one or more rows of bracts that form a calyx-like involucre (Fig. 338, in). This type of in- florescence might readily be mistaken for a single flower as the buttercup, rose, etc. This tendency to group the flowers in heads and compact clusters has been attained in several orders, notably the mustards, peas, Umbelliferae, mints, scrophularias, and especially in the Teasel family, page 482. But in no group has the aggregation been so successful and coupled with such efficient types of flowers. Leaving out of consideration the degenerate ragweeds the individual flowers of a head are very. Fig. 339. Flowers and fruit of Taraxacum: A, sectional view of inflor- escence—in, involucre. The flowers in the center of the head not as yet in bloom. B, an unopened flower. The thread-like calyx (pappus) and corolla arising from the ovary, 0. C, corolla opening. D, later stage, the style has elongated, sweeping the spores from the sheath of anthers, an, and the two stigmatic lobes are beginning to open. E, flower in full bloom, the stigma lobes recurving. F, mature fruit. The pappus is lifted up on a long, slender outgrowth of the ovary, 0. uniform in structure. They are epigynous, parts usually in flves, calyx wanting or more often appearing as tufts of hairs, plumose or barbed bristles, and known as the pappus (Figs. 339, 341). The corolla is tubular or partially split open, forming a strap-. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Curtis, Carlton Clarence, 1864-1945. New York, H. Holt
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