Contributions in geographical exploration . .) influences as though they had grown in normal soil. It wasfound on examining them the next spring that, as w^as expected,the mortality had been very high. Nearly all of the specialseedlings that had been marked for observation had , notwithstanding the high death rate, large numbers hadsurvived, and the renewal of growth showed that they wt>uldbe better fortified against the next winter. Nov., 1918] Recovery of Vegetation at Kodiak 51 Seedlings were similarly starting in sheltered places beyondthe forest. Beside many a strong clump
Contributions in geographical exploration . .) influences as though they had grown in normal soil. It wasfound on examining them the next spring that, as w^as expected,the mortality had been very high. Nearly all of the specialseedlings that had been marked for observation had , notwithstanding the high death rate, large numbers hadsurvived, and the renewal of growth showed that they wt>uldbe better fortified against the next winter. Nov., 1918] Recovery of Vegetation at Kodiak 51 Seedlings were similarly starting in sheltered places beyondthe forest. Beside many a strong clump of grass, for example,the ash surface was fairly covered with small seedlings, pre-sumably of the same species. (See page 50.) In many placesbeneath the omnipresent Equisetum such seedlings, especiallythose of Deschampsia caespitosa, were so thick as to form averitable turf over the ground. (See page 44). In less shelteredsituations, the seedlings often appear along the lines washedby the run-off from rains. (See cut below). A similar phe-. Photo^ial-h iv D. 13. ChurchSEEDLINGS COMING UP WHERE PLANTED BY STORM aviculare and a The intervening spaces where the seeds, prc-sumal)ly present, were not covered by washed-in sand are hare. nomenon was observed much more conspicuously in KatmaiValley and will be discussed in detail in a succeeding is believed to be due to the fact that the running waterburies the seeds beneath a layer of , thus preventing theirblowing away and giving them a chance to start. Beside these yearling plants were a very few others, es])cciallyof spruce and alder, which had started in earlier years andpersisted. These were continuing to grow slowly. Some of 52 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XIX, No. 1, them had almost succeeded in getting their roots through theash layer and into the original soil beneath. When this con-nection is once made, the seedhng is removed from the problemof revegetation of the ash, and the factor
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