. Introduction to botany. Botany. TIMBER: FORESTEY 115 109. Propagation of trees in woodlands. j\Iany kinds of forest can be so managed that the young trees sown by natural agencies suffice to keep up the stand when the largest trees are felled (fig. 97). The seeds of most conifers are readily carried con- siderable distances by the wuid, and those of many broad-leaved trees, as birches, elms, ashes, maples, and others, are carried in the same way. Squirrels carry many nuts and acorns and often bury them where they can grow. ]Many birds — for ex- ample, the bluejays — carry acorns, and most fr
. Introduction to botany. Botany. TIMBER: FORESTEY 115 109. Propagation of trees in woodlands. j\Iany kinds of forest can be so managed that the young trees sown by natural agencies suffice to keep up the stand when the largest trees are felled (fig. 97). The seeds of most conifers are readily carried con- siderable distances by the wuid, and those of many broad-leaved trees, as birches, elms, ashes, maples, and others, are carried in the same way. Squirrels carry many nuts and acorns and often bury them where they can grow. ]Many birds — for ex- ample, the bluejays — carry acorns, and most fruit-eating birds dis- seminate such seeds as those of the red cedars, wild cherries, hack- berry, mulberry, and a few other trees, often carrying them many miles. Tolerant seed- lings may establish themselves in the shade of full-grown trees. The expense of plant- ing seeds or setting out young trees in woodlands is usually so great as to malce it unprofitable, since the natural growth will renew itself with a little artificial aid. It is, however, important to clear away undershrubs that are o^'ershadowing desirable seedling Fig. 96. Part of a windbreak of cottonwood, ten years old Trees planted 5 ft. x 6 ft., thinned to 6 ft. x 10 ft. The trunks will make good lumber, as the lower branches will all be killed by the shade. Photo- graph by United States Forest Service. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bergen, Joseph Y. (Joseph Young), 1851-1917; Caldwell, Otis William, 1869- joint author. Boston, New York, [etc. ] Ginn and company
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