. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 999. Flow and supply pipe for under-bench flows- boilers are, as a rule, not more than one-half as lasting as cast-iron boilers, must of which are complete and re- quire no brick work or trimmings. Hot Water Piping. —'Modern hot water heating sys- tems do not differ particularly from those in which steam is use
. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 999. Flow and supply pipe for under-bench flows- boilers are, as a rule, not more than one-half as lasting as cast-iron boilers, must of which are complete and re- quire no brick work or trimmings. Hot Water Piping. —'Modern hot water heating sys- tems do not differ particularly from those in which steam is used, except that larger sized pipes are required to afford the necessary radiation. Formerly 4-inch cast- iron pipes were used in the piping of Greenhouses, but as the joints are packed with oakum, cement or iron til- ings, they frequently give trouble by leaking, and it is much more difficult to make changes or repairs than when smaller wrought-iron pipes with screw joints are used. Owing to the large volume of water in the pipes, the circulation is necessarily quite sluggish, and it is not easy to secure the high temperature in the water that can be obtained from smaller pipes. Another objection to these large pipes is, that it is not possible to carry the flows overhead, as is often desirable. When the flow pipes supply a number of houses, or if the heater is at some distance from the Greenhouse to be warmed, it is best to start from the boiler with one large pipe, or with two pipes leading out from different sides of the boiler, rather than to carry independent Xtipes to each house. If tliere are several houses to l)e heated, it is advisable to have the heater located at the north end or side of the houses, as near the center as possible, and carry the flow pipe along the ends of the houses just over the doors, although, if necessary, they may be beneath the level of the doorways. From this main pipe one or more supply pipes can lead into each of the houses. The size of the
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