. Fishes. Fishes. 46 Instincts, Habits, and Adaptations in the rivers, and a few pass more or less indiscriminately from one kind of water to another. Migratory Fishes.—The movements of migratory fishes are mainly controlled by the impulse of reproduction. Some pelagic fishes, especially those of the mackerel and flying-fish families, swim long distances to a region favorable for the deposition of spawn. Others pursue for equal distances the schools of men- haden or other fishes which serve as their prey. Some species are known mainly in the waters they make their breeding homes, as in Cuba, S
. Fishes. Fishes. 46 Instincts, Habits, and Adaptations in the rivers, and a few pass more or less indiscriminately from one kind of water to another. Migratory Fishes.—The movements of migratory fishes are mainly controlled by the impulse of reproduction. Some pelagic fishes, especially those of the mackerel and flying-fish families, swim long distances to a region favorable for the deposition of spawn. Others pursue for equal distances the schools of men- haden or other fishes which serve as their prey. Some species are known mainly in the waters they make their breeding homes, as in Cuba, Southern Cali- fornia, Hawaii, or Japan, the individuals being scattered at other times through the wide seas. Anadromous Fishes. — Many fresh-water fishes, as trout and suckers, forsake the large streams in the spring, ascending the small brooks where their young can be reared in greater safety. Still others, known as anadromous fishes, feed and mature in the sea, but ascend the rivers as the impulse of reproduction grows strong. Among such fishes are the salmon, shad, alewife, stur- geon, and striped bass in American waters. The most remark- able case of the anadromous instinct is found in the king salmon or quinnat {Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) of the Pacific Coast. This great fish spawns in November, at the age of four years and an average weight of twenty-two pounds. In the Columbia River it begins running with the spring freshets in March and April. It spends the whole summer, without feeding, in the ascent of the river. By autumn the individuals have reached the mountain streams of Idaho, greatly changed in appearance,. Fig. 33. — Portuguese Man-of-war Fish, Gobiomorus gronovii. Family Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Jordan, David Starr, 1851-1931. New York, H. Holt a
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