. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. 38 THE BONES. tuberosities placed on each side of the perpendicular lamina, and offering for study a middle portion, a base, and a summit. Each of these is formed by an assemblage of numerous, extremely thin, osseous plates, curved into small and very fragile convolutions. These, elongated from above to below, become lonf^er as they are more anterior ; they are attached by their superior extremities to the transverse plate which separates the cranium from the nasal cavities, and by one of their borders to a thin leaf of
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. 38 THE BONES. tuberosities placed on each side of the perpendicular lamina, and offering for study a middle portion, a base, and a summit. Each of these is formed by an assemblage of numerous, extremely thin, osseous plates, curved into small and very fragile convolutions. These, elongated from above to below, become lonf^er as they are more anterior ; they are attached by their superior extremities to the transverse plate which separates the cranium from the nasal cavities, and by one of their borders to a thin leaf of bone which envelops the lateral masses out- wardly. They have received the name of the ethmoidal volutes (or cells). Middle portion.—This should be studied externally and inter- nally. The external surface of each ethmoidal mass is divided into two sections: an internal, making part of the nasal cavities; the other, external, concurs in form- ing the walls of the f'ontal and maxillary sinuses. The first, the least extensive, is almost plane; jmrallel to the perpeudicitlar la- mina, it is isolated from it by the narrow space which forms the bottom of the nasal cavities; it jiresents several openings which separate the most superficial cells, and join the internal canals to be hereafter noticed. The second, A, Occipital bone.—1, Condyle; 2, Con- dyloid foramen; 3, Styloid process; 4, Summit of basilar process.—n, Parie- tal bone.—8, Parietal protuberance; 9, Channel which concurs to form the parieto-temporal canal. — C, Frontal bone.—10, Transverse crests separating the cranial from the facial portion of the bone; 11, Frontal sinuses; 12, Notch on the lateral border occupied by the wing of the sphenoid bone; 13, Notch for the formation of the oi-bital foramen; 1-1, Summit of the orbital process: 15, Sujiraorbital foramen.— D, Perpendicular lamma of the ethmoid bone.—E, E, Lateral masses of the eth- moid bone.—16, The great ethmoid cell. —F, Squamous portion o
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