. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. Fossil Pelobatid Frogs • Estes 303. Figure 8. Eope/obafes anthracinus, type, BM R-4841; left, restoration of dorsal and lateral views of skull; right, camera lucida drawing of vertebral column, posterior skull roof outline shown anteriorly; X 6. Without the knowledge that the large rodlike anterior process is present in carti- lage in Pelobates cultripes, the similarities of Pelobates fuscus and Scaphiopus in ethmoid construction might seem to indi- cate that the spadefoot genera are closely related through P. fuscus,
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. Fossil Pelobatid Frogs • Estes 303. Figure 8. Eope/obafes anthracinus, type, BM R-4841; left, restoration of dorsal and lateral views of skull; right, camera lucida drawing of vertebral column, posterior skull roof outline shown anteriorly; X 6. Without the knowledge that the large rodlike anterior process is present in carti- lage in Pelobates cultripes, the similarities of Pelobates fuscus and Scaphiopus in ethmoid construction might seem to indi- cate that the spadefoot genera are closely related through P. fuscus, but the latter is not likely to be ancestral to the North American spadefoots, as is discussed further below. Scaphiopus holbrooki, the most primitive member of the genus, is inter- mediate between P. cultripes (or P. syria- cus) and other Scaphiopus in this regard; S. couchi, S. (Spea), and P. fuscus have independently ossified the anterior process of the ethmoid as far anteriorly as the pre- maxillae. It would be of considerable interest to study olfaction within the pelobatines; their nasal capsules indicate some strong adap- tive trends not seen in the aquatic Megophrys and Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Harvard University. Museum of Comparative Zoology. Cambridge, Mass. : The Museum
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