. The refraction of the eye; including a complete treatise on ophthalmometry; . to 15 inches. Ophthalmoscope.—Emmetropia vertical meridian (90°) andH. .50 D. in horizontal meridian (180°) in each eye. Although both eyes were tried at once, the patient wouldaccept nothing but minus glasses. Retinoscopy indicatedmyopic astigmatism. A wash was prescribed for the mildconjunctivitis, the patient ordered not to use the eyes sohard, and to report in a week. A second test was given, withexactly the same result as on the first test. Signs of spasm ofaccommodation were present. Atropine, solution 1 gr.
. The refraction of the eye; including a complete treatise on ophthalmometry; . to 15 inches. Ophthalmoscope.—Emmetropia vertical meridian (90°) andH. .50 D. in horizontal meridian (180°) in each eye. Although both eyes were tried at once, the patient wouldaccept nothing but minus glasses. Retinoscopy indicatedmyopic astigmatism. A wash was prescribed for the mildconjunctivitis, the patient ordered not to use the eyes sohard, and to report in a week. A second test was given, withexactly the same result as on the first test. Signs of spasm ofaccommodation were present. Atropine, solution 1 gr. to oi,was ordered instilled, one drop three times a day for threedays. 120 THE REFRACTION OF THE EYE Test under atropine: ophthalmometer read the same as onthe two previous tests. Test cards and trial lenses. —The horizontal lines on theclock-dial were seen plainest now. ^ V- = 1^ • ft - w- + -^^ ^ cyi-. 90°.L. V- = If: ff - ^^ + ^^ ^ cyi-^ 90°. A week later, when the effect of atropine was out of theeye, the patient again accepted + .75 D. cylindrical glass, axis. Fig. Showing how a simple minus cylindrical glass can convert a simple hyper-metropic astigmatism into simple hypermetropia. 90,° in each eye, and it was ordered. These glasses have beenworn for more than four years, and with relief from her asthe-nopic symptoms. In some cases of simple hypermetropic astigmatism a patientwill accept a minus cylindrical glass and get relief from allasthenopic symptoms. This is to be explained, I think, bythe fact that the patient, in accepting a simple myopic cylin-drical glass, converts the simple hypermetropic astigmatisminto a simple hypermetropia (see Fig. 57). By so doing, the ILLUSTRATIVE CASES 121 ciliary muscle can then act in its entire circumference and cor-rect the simple hypermetropia of small amount with ease andwithout fatigue ; whereas it could not correct an equal amountof simple hypermetropic astigmatism, because, in that instance,it would be compelled
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