. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. THE ELBOW-JOINT. 323. Cavity of joint Fig. 304.—Vertical Sectiox through the Shoulder-Joint. inter tubercular sulcus, yet the closed character of the synovial cavity is maintained. Thus, while the tendon is within the capsule, it is not within the synovial cavity. The synovial stratum is continuous with those bursse which communicate with the joint cavity through openings in the fibrous stratum of the capsule. Bursse (a) Communicating with the Joint Cavity.—Practically there is only one bursa which is constant in its position, viz., the subscapular
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. THE ELBOW-JOINT. 323. Cavity of joint Fig. 304.—Vertical Sectiox through the Shoulder-Joint. inter tubercular sulcus, yet the closed character of the synovial cavity is maintained. Thus, while the tendon is within the capsule, it is not within the synovial cavity. The synovial stratum is continuous with those bursse which communicate with the joint cavity through openings in the fibrous stratum of the capsule. Bursse (a) Communicating with the Joint Cavity.—Practically there is only one bursa which is constant in its position, viz., the subscapular, between the capsule and the tendon of the subscapulars muscle. It varies considerably in its dimensions, but its lining mem- brane is always continuous with the synovial stratum of the capsule (Figs. 301 and 302), and therefore it may be regarded merely as a prolongation of the articular synovial stratum. Occasionally a similar but smaller bursa occurs between the capsule and the tendon of the infraspinatus muscle. (6) Not communicating with the Joint Cavity.—The sub- deltoid or sub-acromial bursa is situated between the muscles on the superior aspect of the shoulder-joint on the one hand and the deltoid muscle on the other. It is an extensive bursa, and is prolonged subjacent to the acromion and the coraco- acromial ligament. It does not communicate with the shoulder-joint, but it greatly facilitates the movements of the proximal end of the humerus against the inferior surface of the coraco-acromial arch. Movements at the Shoulder-Joint.—A ball-and-socket joint permits of a great variety of movements, practically in all directions ; but if these movements are analysed, it will be seen that they resolve themselves into movements around three primary axes at right angles to each other, or around axes which are the possible combinations of the primary ones. Thus, around a transverse axis, the limb may move forwards (flexion) or backwards (extension). Around an antero-po
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectanatomy, bookyear1914
