Triumphs and wonders of the 19th century, the true mirror of a phenomenal era, a volume of original, entertaining and instructive historic and descriptive writings, showing the many and marvellous achievements which distinguish an hundred years of material, intellectual, social and moral progress .. . nturies together, and labored to advance thecause of art. Schools and academies, with adequate galleries for exhibitionpurposes, became necessary ; and such institutions as the Pennsylvania Acad-emy of the Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design in New Yorkwere established. The latter was st
Triumphs and wonders of the 19th century, the true mirror of a phenomenal era, a volume of original, entertaining and instructive historic and descriptive writings, showing the many and marvellous achievements which distinguish an hundred years of material, intellectual, social and moral progress .. . nturies together, and labored to advance thecause of art. Schools and academies, with adequate galleries for exhibitionpurposes, became necessary ; and such institutions as the Pennsylvania Acad-emy of the Fine Arts and the National Academy of Design in New Yorkwere established. The latter was started in 1802, but did not receive itscharter until 1808; so the Pennsylvania Academy, which was incorporated inPhiladelphia in 1806, was really the first of its kind in the country. In 1807,the minutes bearing the date of October 8 record as follows : Until thefunds of the institution will admit of opening a school on a more extendedplan, persons of good character shall be permitted to make drawings fromthe statues and busts belonging to the Academy, thus showing the humblebeginning of art education in America. Naturally, for many years the facili-ties for learning were too limited to supply more than rudimentary instruc-tion, and the pilgrimage to Paris was a necessity before an artist could. 598 TRIUMPHS AND WONDERS OF THE XIXTli CENTURY feel qualified to launch out professionally. In these latter days that needno longer exists, for the great art schools of New York, Philadelphia, Boston,Chicago, and St. Louis can amply provide all that is required; but the charmof the Latin Quarter still draws as a magnet all who can afford to go there. In that centre is a constant mingling of ideas from all sources seeking newforms of expression, out of which proceed the impulses that vibrate throughthe world of current art. Naturally enough many of the new departures arefutile experiments, short lived and not sufficiently important to discuss; butwithin recent years the movement known as
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