The British nation a history / by George MWrong . doctrines, closed thedoor to compromise with Protestantism. There were other and variedactivities. For the first time, with the Portuguese Magellan (Magal-haens) as leader, mariners sailed round the world. Though in Amer- - •ica Cortez and Pizarro founded for Spain a great empire, in Europetlu! decline of her vitality had begun when the Netherlaiuls revoltedagainst the authority of Philip II, and ultimately became a is the age of such great artists as Ra|)hael. Micliael Angelo, amiTitian, Copernicus, who died in 1543, taught for the
The British nation a history / by George MWrong . doctrines, closed thedoor to compromise with Protestantism. There were other and variedactivities. For the first time, with the Portuguese Magellan (Magal-haens) as leader, mariners sailed round the world. Though in Amer- - •ica Cortez and Pizarro founded for Spain a great empire, in Europetlu! decline of her vitality had begun when the Netherlaiuls revoltedagainst the authority of Philip II, and ultimately became a is the age of such great artists as Ra|)hael. Micliael Angelo, amiTitian, Copernicus, who died in 1543, taught for the fii-st time au —true conception of the solar system; Erasmus, Ariosto, , Montaigne, Tasso, Cervantes, and Shakespeare, all world-famous in literature, wrote during this period. Jluropean commerce,too, felt the influence of freer movement, and wealth inircascd to anextent hardly dreamed of by the more isolated communities ofearlier times.] d6t> / -<.- THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY IN ENGLAND 267 Character ofHenry VIII,. Ili-xnv >[ax. Hexry YII had done liis work so well that HenryVIIFs position avus very strong: with an nndisputedtitle, he inherited wealth and despotic first he thought little of the cares of gov-ernment, lie was handsome and energetic;few rode so well, or playedbetter tennis; tireless in thehunt, he often exhaustedeight or ten horses in a were more refined pleas-ures wanting. He delight-ed in music, was a patron ofart, a great reader, and anautlim- who could write withvigour and skill. Divinitywas his favourite study : prob-ably in his realm there wasthroughout life no firmer be-liever in most of the doctrines of the Roman Churchthan the king who overthrew the Popes authority inEngland. In June, 1509, Henry married Catherine of Aragon,the widow of his brother Arthur. He soon turned fromhis fathers policy, and, yielding to popularclamour, and already reckless of the lives ofmen by whose acts he profited, he allowedDudley and
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