. Introduction to inorganic chemistry . ertain the loss in weight (= oxygen) which aknown quantity of potassium chlorate sustains when heated in a hard glass tubeclosed at one end. By subtraction we get the weight of potassium chloride for-merly combined with the oxygen. In an actual experiment, g. of potassiumchlorate gave g. of oxygen and left g. of the chloride. The atomicweights of potassium and chlorine are and respectively, and theformula-weight of the chloride is therefore Dividing the measured weightsof oxygen and potassium chloride by the correspond
. Introduction to inorganic chemistry . ertain the loss in weight (= oxygen) which aknown quantity of potassium chlorate sustains when heated in a hard glass tubeclosed at one end. By subtraction we get the weight of potassium chloride for-merly combined with the oxygen. In an actual experiment, g. of potassiumchlorate gave g. of oxygen and left g. of the chloride. The atomicweights of potassium and chlorine are and respectively, and theformula-weight of the chloride is therefore Dividing the measured weightsof oxygen and potassium chloride by the corresponding atomic and formula weights(cf. p. 57) respectively: -^ 16 = and -1- = Weobserve that the ratio of the quotients is : 1, or almost exactly 3: 1. Theformula is therefore 0x3, (KCl) x 1, or KCIO 3. A peculiarity of this action is that admixture of manganese dioxideincreases very markedly the speed with which the decomposition ofthe potassium chlorate takes place. Hence, in its presence, and it is. Fig. 21. generally mixed with the chlorate in laboratory experiments (Fig. 21),a sufficient stream of the gas is obtained at a relatively low tempera-ture (below 200°). Without it no oxygen is evolved at all until thechlorate melts (361°). The dioxide does not begin to lose oxygenbelow 400°, and therefore is not itself permanently changed in anyway when used for this purpose. Familiarity with Physics Required in the Study of Chem-istry. — In mentioning chemical phenomena, it is inevitable that considerationsof space should limit our statements to the merest indication of the process andthe briefest record of the chemical result. The prodigious disproportion between 66 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY the meagernesa of this fragment and the mass of detail which lies behind it in eachcase should be constantly before the mind of the reader. The book gives empiri-cal knowledge, the laboratory work and the discussion of it furnish the only realknowledge. The
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