. The cereals in America. Grain. PRACTICUMS FOR WHEAT 131 cultivation. In addition, its wide adaptation to different soils and climate has macle it one of the principal foods of mankind. Practicums. 195. Study of the Simkf, of —Request each student to report the following, after examining a head of wheat: 1. Number of spikelets in tlie spike of wheat. 2. Number of flowers in each spikelet. 3. Number of grains in the whole spike. 4. Determine the number and arrange weight of grains occupying first, second, third and fourth place from rachis. 5. Number of empty glumes in a spikelet. 6. Ma
. The cereals in America. Grain. PRACTICUMS FOR WHEAT 131 cultivation. In addition, its wide adaptation to different soils and climate has macle it one of the principal foods of mankind. Practicums. 195. Study of the Simkf, of —Request each student to report the following, after examining a head of wheat: 1. Number of spikelets in tlie spike of wheat. 2. Number of flowers in each spikelet. 3. Number of grains in the whole spike. 4. Determine the number and arrange weight of grains occupying first, second, third and fourth place from rachis. 5. Number of empty glumes in a spikelet. 6. Make a sketch of the beak, shoulder and auricle of the empty glume. 7. How does the flowering glume differ from the palea ? 8. How is the spikelet attaclied to the rachis ? g. Draw the rachis. The spikes of wheat should be laid between pieces of moistened blotting paper for several hours before handing the students, in order to toughen the parts. 196. Method of Cross-Fertilization.—In order to effect cross-fertilization, the anthers must be removed from all the flowers on the spike, before any of them have shed their pollen. This can best be done when or before the anthers are slightly tinged with yellow. The labor may be reduced by re- moving all but one or two dozen flowers. If spikelets on the middle portion of the spike are left and only the two lower flowers of the spikelet, more uniformity in the maturation of the flowers will be obtained, as well as more uniformity in other particulars. After care- fully removing the unbroken anthers, the emasculated spike may be protected by wrapping about it a piece of tissue paper and tying it above and below. One to two days later the flowers will open, which may be told by adjacent uncovered spikes. Pollen may now be brought from the variety chosen for the male parent and depos- ited upon the stigmas of the emasculated flowers. The cross-pollinated spike is again covered, and requires no further attention until ripe. 197. Types of
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