. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE m BULLETIN No. 447 ,,„ •53lk>Scilc* Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Induistry ^^M , jS\J^'<^,WU Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Induistry WM. A. TAYLOR, Chief. Washington, D. C. November 22, 1916 WATER PENETRATION IN THE GUMBO SOILS OF THE BELLE FOURCHE RECLAMATION PROJECT. By O. R. Mathews, Assistant, Dry-Land Agriculture Investigations. ( CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 1 Description of the gumbo soil of the Belle Fourche Pveclamation Project 2 Water capacity of
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE m BULLETIN No. 447 ,,„ •53lk>Scilc* Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Induistry ^^M , jS\J^'<^,WU Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Induistry WM. A. TAYLOR, Chief. Washington, D. C. November 22, 1916 WATER PENETRATION IN THE GUMBO SOILS OF THE BELLE FOURCHE RECLAMATION PROJECT. By O. R. Mathews, Assistant, Dry-Land Agriculture Investigations. ( CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 1 Description of the gumbo soil of the Belle Fourche Pveclamation Project 2 Water capacity of the gumbo soil 3 Productivity of the gmnbo soil 3 Changes in the \olume of the soil due to wetting and drying 3 Page. Rate of movement of water in loose, sat- urated soil - 4 Rate of movement of water in wet soil under field conditions 5 Penetration of water into dry soil in the field .. 6 Summary 11 INTRODUCTION. The readiness with which water penetrates into any soil determines to a great extent the amount that will be available to crops. An ac- curate knowledge of water movement within a soil often furnishe? an indication of the farm practices that will be most successful. Thus under irrigation the rapidity of water percolation may deter- mine in what way and at what time water may be most effectively applied. On dry land a knowledge of moisture movement often shows what results may be expected from diiferent cultural methods calculated to increase the quantity of water entering the soil. The gumbo soil of the Belle Fourche (S. Dak.) Reclamation Proj- ect ofFeis problems in water penetration materially different from those in soils of other types. These differences are due largely to its peculiar physical characteristics. 'J'liis bulletin presents the results of certain studies of the penetra- tion of water into the gumbo soils of the Belle Fourche project. Knorr,' working on the sandy loam soils at Scottsbluff, Nebr., found that plats irrigated in the fall were more moi
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