Substitution reaction. Three test tubes showing the result of adding halobutanes to silver nitrate solution. Adding a 1-halobutane to the nitrate resu

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Substitution reaction. Three test tubes showing the result of adding halobutanes to silver nitrate solution. Adding a 1-halobutane to the nitrate results in a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The halogen dissociates from the butane, and forms a precipitate of a silver halide. The precipitates seen here are (left to right) silver chloride, silver bromide and silver iodide. The time taken for the precipitate to appear may be used as a comparative measure of the ease with which the substitution occurs.

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Photo credit: © JERRY MASON/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
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Keywords: 3, bromide, chemical, chemistry, chloride, exampl, experiment, halide, iodide, nitrate, nucleophilic, precipitate, reaction, silver, substitution, test, tube, tubes