. Architecture, classic and early Christian . adapted for their purpose, and wereso solidly constructed, that portions of them are still inuse. Some of the provincial aqueducts, such as those ofTarragona and Segovia in Spain, were more ornamental,and had a double tier of arches. The Pont du Gard, notfar from !Nimes, in France, is a well-known and verypicturesque structure of this character. Commemorat!i:e Monuments. These comprise triumphal arches, columns, and former consisted of a rectangular mass of masonryhaving sculptured representations of the historical eventto be commemorated
. Architecture, classic and early Christian . adapted for their purpose, and wereso solidly constructed, that portions of them are still inuse. Some of the provincial aqueducts, such as those ofTarragona and Segovia in Spain, were more ornamental,and had a double tier of arches. The Pont du Gard, notfar from !Nimes, in France, is a well-known and verypicturesque structure of this character. Commemorat!i:e Monuments. These comprise triumphal arches, columns, and former consisted of a rectangular mass of masonryhaving sculptured representations of the historical eventto be commemorated, enriched with attached columns onpedestals, supporting an entablature crowned with a highattic, on which there was generally an inscription. Inthe centre was the wide and lofty arched opening. The 172 CLASSIC ARCIIITECTUUE. Arch of Titus, recording the capture of Jerusalem, is oneof the finest examples. Later on triumphal arches wereon a more extended scale, and comprised a small arch oneach side of the large one; examples of which may be. Fig. 139.—The Aech op CoNsrAXTiNE, seen in the arches of Scptimius Severus and of Constantine(Fig. 139). The large arched gateways which are metwith in various parts of Europe—such as the PortedArroux at Autun, and the Porta Nigra at Treves—are noMAN-. 173 monuments very similar to triumplial arches. Tliere remainalso smaller monuments of the same character, such as theso-called Arch of the Goldsmiths in liome (Fig. 1). Columns were erected in great numbers during the timeof the Emperors as memorials of \ictory. Of these theColumn of Trajan and that of i\Iarcus Aurelius are thefinest. The former ^va3 erected in the centre of TrajansFurum, in commemoration of the Emperors victory overthe Dacians. It is of the Doric order, 132 ft. 10 in. high,including the statue. The shaft is constructed of thirty-four pieces of marble joined Avilli bronze cramps. Theligures ou the pedestal are very finely carved, and theentire shaft is enciicle
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, bookidarchitecture, bookyear1888
