. The elasmobranch fishes . Fig. 110. Hypobranchial muscles. (From Max Fiirbriiigcr.) A. Scymnus. B. Heterodonlus philippi. car., coracoarcualis muscle; , coracobranehialis; , coracohyoideus muscle; , coracomandibularis. hularis, lying in the middle line, the coracohyoideus at the sides of the cora- comandibularis, and the deeper coracohranchiales extending to all the bran- chial arches. All these muscles except the coracobranchials arise from the first five trunk myotomes (fig. 102) as buds which migrate forward and me- diad and take up their position under the branchial and bu
. The elasmobranch fishes . Fig. 110. Hypobranchial muscles. (From Max Fiirbriiigcr.) A. Scymnus. B. Heterodonlus philippi. car., coracoarcualis muscle; , coracobranehialis; , coracohyoideus muscle; , coracomandibularis. hularis, lying in the middle line, the coracohyoideus at the sides of the cora- comandibularis, and the deeper coracohranchiales extending to all the bran- chial arches. All these muscles except the coracobranchials arise from the first five trunk myotomes (fig. 102) as buds which migrate forward and me- diad and take up their position under the branchial and buccal areas. The coracohranchiales in Scyllium, according to Edgewortli (1903), are developed from head myotomes. In the sharks the hypobranchials usually come to be heavy round muscles, while in the rays they are more or less flattened. The arcus communes (see coracoarcualis, car., fig. 110) are separated by mj^osepta (scriptores tendiniae), much like other ventral bundles, into a vary- ing number of segments in different forms. In Heterodontus philippi (fig. 110b) , for example, a single segment is produced, in Raja two, and in Scymnus (fig. 110a) and a number of other types, five are present anterior to the girdle.
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