. The National Civic Federation review . of the presentinquiry, said: In the States so far visited the laws are is, the employer bas his choice either to (1)stay under the old liability law, with the defences olcontributory negligence, assumption of risk andfellow servant rule removed; or (2) accept the com-pensation act under which all employees receive com-pensation for their injuries according to a fixedschedule, regardless of fault. In Massachusetts, Michigan and Wisconsin, atleast 75 per cent of the employers and their work-men have elected to come under the compensationact.
. The National Civic Federation review . of the presentinquiry, said: In the States so far visited the laws are is, the employer bas his choice either to (1)stay under the old liability law, with the defences olcontributory negligence, assumption of risk andfellow servant rule removed; or (2) accept the com-pensation act under which all employees receive com-pensation for their injuries according to a fixedschedule, regardless of fault. In Massachusetts, Michigan and Wisconsin, atleast 75 per cent of the employers and their work-men have elected to come under the compensationact. The original Illinois compensation act was re-jected by over 5,000 employers. The amended actof that State, which took effect July 1, 1913, hasbeen rejected by only 500 employers. The Ohio lawhas been accepted by something like 10 or 15 per centof the employers. This law has been made compulsory by the new act, which takes effect January1, 1914. In the States of Massachusetts, Michiganand Wisconsin, litigation involving compensation to. JAMEVS DUNCAN. JOHN MITCHELL. employees has practically ceased to exist. To illus-trate: During the year that the Michigan law hasbeen in effect, compensation has been paid in over10,000 cases of disability and only 8 cases have goneinto the courts, and these were solely for the purposeof settling some uncertainty in the law. In these States the law is administered by anindustrial accident board, consisting of from three tofive members. All settlement agreements for com-pensation must be adjusted by this board and, in case of dispute, the board acts as arbitrator. TheState of Michigan has had 200 arbitrations duringthe year. These arbitrations do not as a rule, delaythe payment of compensation more than two or threeweeks. Similar conditions prevail in Massachusettsand Wisconsin. It is claimed that the cost of medical attendancein these States has been larger than was originallyanticipated and that the amount paid by employersto hospitals and ph
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