. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. Axilla? y dislocation; case of long standing. virons the head of the os humeri. The glenoid cavity is filled entirely by ligamentary matter, in which are to be found small portions of bone. These must be of new formation, as no portion of the scapula or humerus is broken. A new cavity is formed for the head of the os humeri on the inferior costa of the scapula, but this is shallow, like that from which the os humeri had escaped. 2. Dislocation forwards. — This species of dislocation is much more distinctly marked than th
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. Axilla? y dislocation; case of long standing. virons the head of the os humeri. The glenoid cavity is filled entirely by ligamentary matter, in which are to be found small portions of bone. These must be of new formation, as no portion of the scapula or humerus is broken. A new cavity is formed for the head of the os humeri on the inferior costa of the scapula, but this is shallow, like that from which the os humeri had escaped. 2. Dislocation forwards. — This species of dislocation is much more distinctly marked than the former. The acromion is more pointed, and the hollow below it, from the depression of the deltoid, is more considerable. The head of the os humeri can be felt through the skin and pectoral muscle, and its con- vexity seen, in thin persons, just below the clavicle; and when the arm is rotated, the protuberance may be observed also to rotate and accompany the motions of the arm. The coracoid process of the scapula is placed above and on the outside of the head of the bone, which we know is covered by the pectoris major muscle. The elbow is thrown out more from the side, and further back than it is in the case of dislocation into the axilla (fig. 436.). Much difference of opinion seems to pre- vail as to whether the arm is lengthened or shortened, as the result of this dislocation of the head of the humerus forwards. Mal- gaigne and Dupuytren both assert that the arm on the dislocated side is longer than na- tural ; Sir A. Cooper expresses himself in opposite terms ; he says, that in the disloca- tion forwards and inwards of the head of the humerus, the arm is shortened. In our experience we have never found in the living subject the arm shortened ; and in the speci- men from which fig. 436. has been taken, the centre of the new glenoid cavity is several lines below the centre of the original cavity, and the arm therefore must have been by, so much, longer than natural. The d
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