. A history of the United States. Our Country in 1783 Black dots show the settled regions in the UnitedStates; circles show the regions of Canada in settlement;crosses show the Spanish settlements; the white shows theunoccupied territory 226 DIFFICULTIES OF THE NEW REPUBLIC North American Neighbors. — The neighbors of the UnitedStates in North America were few. Small Enghsh settle-ments existed in Nova Scotia. Possibly 60,000 French peopleUved in the colony of Quebec. About 40,000 loyalists, whofled from the United States during the Revolution, formedthe main part of the population in two new
. A history of the United States. Our Country in 1783 Black dots show the settled regions in the UnitedStates; circles show the regions of Canada in settlement;crosses show the Spanish settlements; the white shows theunoccupied territory 226 DIFFICULTIES OF THE NEW REPUBLIC North American Neighbors. — The neighbors of the UnitedStates in North America were few. Small Enghsh settle-ments existed in Nova Scotia. Possibly 60,000 French peopleUved in the colony of Quebec. About 40,000 loyalists, whofled from the United States during the Revolution, formedthe main part of the population in two new British provincesof New Brunswick and Upper Canada.^ The people of theUnited States looked upon these people as living in thefrozen n J vJJTi- Plan of a Spanish Mission Settlement Spain had five colonies or provinces within what is nowthe United States. These colonies were Florida and Loui-siana on the south and west, some small mission settlementsin Texas and New Mexico forming the out-posts of Mexico,and a new colony, CaHfornia, in the far west. In 1769 aparty of Spanish missionaries and soldiers had entered Cah-fornia and estabhshed an Indian mission at San years later they estabhshed a mission which was thebeginning of San Francisco, the great city of the GoldenGate. Some pushed on into the interior, and estabhshedother missions, placing them in fertile valleys where Indiantribes might be reached. The good monk, Junipero Serra,was at the head of the movement. He gloried even in his ^ In 1791 Canada was divided into Upper and Lower Canada, which werepermitted to have provincial assembhes. NORTH AMERICAN NEIGHBORS 227 sufferings as he tramped across terrible deserts or visitedhostile Indians. The new
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