. Elements of zoölogy : a textbook. Zoology. 448 HAUIATA : El'HINODERMATA. FIG. 678. these organs are not fully understood; but one of their uses is to aid in keeping the spines clean. The Echinoids represented by Figs. 673-675 have the mouth below and the vent above, and both central; and they have the ambulacra in live pairs continuous from the mouth to the vent, and so they are called the Regular Echi- noids. Besides these there are many kinds of Sea-ur- chins—mostly much flat- tened, and in many cases elongated in one direc- tion more than in the other—which have the mouth below, and the F
. Elements of zoölogy : a textbook. Zoology. 448 HAUIATA : El'HINODERMATA. FIG. 678. these organs are not fully understood; but one of their uses is to aid in keeping the spines clean. The Echinoids represented by Figs. 673-675 have the mouth below and the vent above, and both central; and they have the ambulacra in live pairs continuous from the mouth to the vent, and so they are called the Regular Echi- noids. Besides these there are many kinds of Sea-ur- chins—mostly much flat- tened, and in many cases elongated in one direc- tion more than in the other—which have the mouth below, and the Finger-Urchin, Rotula Rumphii. Cape Palmas. vent not opposite and FIG. 679. central, but sometimes be- low, and sometimes at one side (Fig. 679), and the am- bulacra not continuous; and in many cases the shell is very curiously modified, exhibiting holes, fingers, etc. (Figs. 678, 680), quite different from anything seen in the typical Sea- urchins — therefore they are called Irregular Echi- . -i Cake-Urchin, Echinarachnius parma. Gray. North-east coast of the United Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Tenney, Sanborn, 1827-1877. New York : Scribner
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