Notices of the proceedings at the meetings of the members of the Royal Institution of Great Britain with abstracts of the discourses . liquid, while at the other endthey appear at first sight equally entitled to be considered solid;but if we examine them carefully we find that as we go up theseries each one can flow just like its neighbour only not quite so the seemingly solid pitch flows when given time. The question naturally suggests itself, How much is each onethicker or more viscous than the one next it in the series? This atonce leads us to the further question, What is the pre
Notices of the proceedings at the meetings of the members of the Royal Institution of Great Britain with abstracts of the discourses . liquid, while at the other endthey appear at first sight equally entitled to be considered solid;but if we examine them carefully we find that as we go up theseries each one can flow just like its neighbour only not quite so the seemingly solid pitch flows when given time. The question naturally suggests itself, How much is each onethicker or more viscous than the one next it in the series? This atonce leads us to the further question, What is the precise meaning wepropose to attach to the term viscosity ? Comparative measurements might be made of the rate at which thesubstances flowed under similar circumstances, and these made thebasis of a scale of viscosity, but a clearer and more precise definitionis got by having recourse to the more mechanical ideas used in thewell-known definition of viscosity. 1904.] on the Motion of Viscous Substances. 487 A good idea of the lines on which this is done may be obtainedin this way. Imagine a cube of the viscous material standing on a. Fig. 1. table (Fig. 1) to be gradually twisted over to the right by a forceapplied along the top. Then the slower the block twists the moreviscous it is said to be. Tube Method. The viscosity of the substances at the more liquid end of thebenzine-pitch series, can be determined by observing the rate at whichthey can be forced to move through tubes under recognised 2 shows how a layer in such a tube lying between two cross
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