. Bulletin. Agriculture. 32 AMERICAN ROOT DRUGS. has only two lt*aves, seems to fork at the top, one branch bearing a large leaf and the other a smaller one and a flower. A third leaf, which is much smaller than the other two and stemless, is occasionally produced. The leaves are palmately 5 to 9 lobed, the lobes broad, acute, sharply and unequally toothed; they are prominently veined on the lower surface, and at flowering time, when they are very much wrinkled, they are only partially develQped, but they con- tinue to expand until they are from G to 8 inches in diameter, becoming thinner in t
. Bulletin. Agriculture. 32 AMERICAN ROOT DRUGS. has only two lt*aves, seems to fork at the top, one branch bearing a large leaf and the other a smaller one and a flower. A third leaf, which is much smaller than the other two and stemless, is occasionally produced. The leaves are palmately 5 to 9 lobed, the lobes broad, acute, sharply and unequally toothed; they are prominently veined on the lower surface, and at flowering time, when they are very much wrinkled, they are only partially develQped, but they con- tinue to expand until they are from G to 8 inches in diameter, becoming thinner in texture and smoother. The upper leaf subtends or incloses the flower bud. The greenish white flower appears about April or May, but it is of short duration, last- ing only five or six days. It is less than half an inch in diame- ter and, instead of pet- als, has three small petal-like sepals, which fall away as soon as the flower expands, leaving only the nu- merous stamens (as many as 40 or 50), in the center of which are about a dozen pis- tils, which finally de- velop into- a round, fleshy, berry-like head which ripens in July or August. The fruit when ripe turns a bright red and resem- bles a large raspberry, whence the common n a m e " ground-rasp- berry " is derived. It contains from 10 to 20 small, black, shining, hard seeds. (Fig. 9.) Description of root- stock.—The fresh root- stock of goldenseal, which has a rank, nauseating odor, is bright yellow, both internally and externally, with fibrous yellow rootlets produced from the sides. It is from 1* to 24 inches in length, from one-fourth to three-fourths of an inch in thickness, and contains a large amount of yellow juice. (Fig. 10.) In the dried state the rootstock is crooked, knotty, and wrinkled, from ] to 2 inches in length, and from one-eighth to one-third of an inch in diameter. It is of a dull-brown color on the outside and breaks with a clean, short, resinous fracture, showing a lemon-yellow color ins
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