. Elements of modern chemistry . Fig. 45. and is converted into a white powder which is mercuric chlo-ride ; at the same time water is formed and condenses in thebulb. HgO + 2HC1 = HgCP + H^O Mercuric oxide. Mercuric chloride. OXYGIEN COMPOUNDS OF CHLOKINE. With oxygen, chlorine forms compounds which may be an-hydrous or hydrated; the latter are oxides are: Hypochlorous oxide Cl^O Chlorous oxide Cl^QS Chlorine peroxide Cl^O* The acids are : • Hypochlorous acid HCIO Chlorous acid HCIO^ Chloric acid HCIO^ Perchloric acid HCIO* F 11 122 ELEMENTS OF MODERN CHEMISTRY. HYPOCHLOROUS OXIDE A
. Elements of modern chemistry . Fig. 45. and is converted into a white powder which is mercuric chlo-ride ; at the same time water is formed and condenses in thebulb. HgO + 2HC1 = HgCP + H^O Mercuric oxide. Mercuric chloride. OXYGIEN COMPOUNDS OF CHLOKINE. With oxygen, chlorine forms compounds which may be an-hydrous or hydrated; the latter are oxides are: Hypochlorous oxide Cl^O Chlorous oxide Cl^QS Chlorine peroxide Cl^O* The acids are : • Hypochlorous acid HCIO Chlorous acid HCIO^ Chloric acid HCIO^ Perchloric acid HCIO* F 11 122 ELEMENTS OF MODERN CHEMISTRY. HYPOCHLOROUS OXIDE AND ACID. Hypochlorous oxide is prepared by passing a current of drychlorine over mercuric oxide contained in a tube surroundedby cold water, and may be condensed in a long-necked matrassplaced in a freezing mixture (Fig. 46). HgO + 2CP = HgCP + CPO Mercuric oxide. Mercuric Fig. 46. The oxide condenses as a brown-red liquid, boiling at 20°.Above that temperature it is a reddish-yellow vapor, having adensity of , or, compared to hydrogen as unity, volumes of this vapor contain two volumes of chlorineand one volume of oxygen, a composition represented by theformula CPO. Hypochlorous oxide is a dangerous body, and cannot be keptfor more than a few hours without spontaneous decomposition;its vapor frequently explodes. In combining with the elements of water, hypochlorous oxideforms hypochlorous acid, the solution of which is almost color-less. 0 CIH Preparation of Hypochlorous Acid.—1. A solution ofhypochlorous acid may be prepared by agitating mercuric oxide }o + h}o = ci}o + CHLOROUS OXIDE. 123 with water in jars filled with chlorine gas. The water will thencontain hypochlorous acid and mercuric chloride, and there re-mains a brown powder, which is mercury oxychloride. (Balard.)2. A current of chlorine is passed through water holdingrecent
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