. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history. 2002 Gumming and Diamond: Songbird Community Composition 71 Bird Species Winter Wren Cape May Warbler Western Tanager White-winged Crossbill Gray Jay Golden-crowned Kinglet Rose-breasted Grosbeak Evening Grosbeak Brown Creeper Boreal Chickadee Ruby-crowned Kinglet Red-breasted Nuthatch Solitary Vireo Yellow-rumped Warbler Mourning Warbler Chipping Sparrow White-throated Sparrow Pine Siskin Swainson's Thrush Tennessee Warbler Blackbumian Warbler Black-throated Green Warbler Magnoha Warbler Bay-breasted Warbler Red-eyed Vireo Ovenbird 50-60 Fores
. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history. 2002 Gumming and Diamond: Songbird Community Composition 71 Bird Species Winter Wren Cape May Warbler Western Tanager White-winged Crossbill Gray Jay Golden-crowned Kinglet Rose-breasted Grosbeak Evening Grosbeak Brown Creeper Boreal Chickadee Ruby-crowned Kinglet Red-breasted Nuthatch Solitary Vireo Yellow-rumped Warbler Mourning Warbler Chipping Sparrow White-throated Sparrow Pine Siskin Swainson's Thrush Tennessee Warbler Blackbumian Warbler Black-throated Green Warbler Magnoha Warbler Bay-breasted Warbler Red-eyed Vireo Ovenbird 50-60 Forest Age (years) 80-90 100-110 140+. Number of Species 15 22 26 * ** more abundant in post rotation age sites (p<) * * * * ** ** more abundant in sites at or below rotation age (p<) Figure 1. Probability of detecting a given species of bird at a point count in the different forest age classes. ! Vegetation was measured in ha circles (22 metres in diameter), using a modified James and Shugart (1970) method. Two such circles were locat- ed near each point count station, one centred on the point count location, with the other located in a ran- dom direction 50 metres away. In each plot, the species, diameter (dbh), and height of each tree was recorded. Plants with a dbh greater than 7 cm were considered trees, while those less than 7 cm dbh were classified as shrubs (James and Shugart 1970). Percent shrub cover was estimated for the entire plot, and ground cover was estimated in four randomly located 1 m- quadrats. Data were analysed using 1-way Anova (Zar 1996) using the statistical package SPSS. In the case where more than two categories were used, a Tukey's HSD test was applied to find where differ- ences had occurred (Zar 1996). Both bird and vege- tation data were analysed using four age classes and by pooling data for two age classes, either post-rota- tion age or rotation age and younger. Results The number of songbird species recorded in each habitat p
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