. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 610 UMBBLLIFERAE (^PAKSLEY FAMILY_) head, and similar bractlets. {E. aquaticum L. 1762, In part, not L. 1753.) — Ct. to Minn., Kan., Tex., and Fla. July-Sept. * * Tall and often stout; leaves thick, not parallel-veined. 2. E. aquiticum L. Slender, 3-9 dm. liigh; radical and lower stem-leaves linear- to oblong-lanceolate, on long (sometimes 3 A\a.) fistulous petioles, enlire or with small hooked teeth ; upper leaves sessile, spiny-toothed or laci
. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 610 UMBBLLIFERAE (^PAKSLEY FAMILY_) head, and similar bractlets. {E. aquaticum L. 1762, In part, not L. 1753.) — Ct. to Minn., Kan., Tex., and Fla. July-Sept. * * Tall and often stout; leaves thick, not parallel-veined. 2. E. aquiticum L. Slender, 3-9 dm. liigh; radical and lower stem-leaves linear- to oblong-lanceolate, on long (sometimes 3 A\a.) fistulous petioles, enlire or with small hooked teeth ; upper leaves sessile, spiny-toothed or laciniate ; heads ovoid-ellipsoid, cm. long, with reflexed bracts, and bractlets with .0 spiny cusps (the middle one largest). (^E. virginianum Lam.) —By ponds and streams, N. J. to Fla. and Tex., near the coast. Aug., Sept. 3. E. Leavenw6rthii T. & G. Stout, 4-9 dm. high; lowest stem-leaves broadly oblanceolate, spinosely toothed, the rest sessile and deeply and palmately parted into narrow incisely pinnatifld spreading pungent segments; heads ovoid-ellipsoid, cm. long, with pinnatifld spinose bracts and 3-7-cuspidate bractlets, the terminal ones very prominent and resembling the bracts. — Dry soil, e. Kan., Ark., and Tex. » » » Prostrate and slender, rooting at the joints, diffusely branched, with small thin unarmed leaves and very small heads. 4. E. prostritum Nutt. Lower leaves oblong, entire, few-toothed, or lobed at base ; upper leaves smaller, clustered at the rooting joints, ovate, few-toothed or entire (oocasK)nally some additional trifid ones); reflexed bracts longer than the ellipsoid heads (4-7 mm. long). — Wet places, s. Mo. to Fla. and Tex. 2. SANfCULA [Tourn.] L. Black Snakeroot Calyx-teeth manifest, persistent. Fruit globular; the carpels not separating spontaneously, ribless, thickly clothed with hooked prickles. —Perennial rather tall glabrous herbs, with few palmately lobed or parted leaves, those from the base long-petioled.
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