. Essentials of surgery; a textbook of surgery for student and graduate nurses and for those interested in the care of the sick . dera variety of conditions, (i) Stasis of urine in the bladder andureter due to an obstruction to the outflow, by enlarged pros-tate, or cystocele. Serious acute ascending infections are likelyto follow extensively cystoscopic examination in some cases. THE URINARY TRACT f KIDNEYS 211 (ii) Partial or intermittent obstruction of a ureter with hydro-ureter and hydronephrosis, (iii) Cystitis and infections ofthe external meatus in children. Effects: Pyelitis and inflam
. Essentials of surgery; a textbook of surgery for student and graduate nurses and for those interested in the care of the sick . dera variety of conditions, (i) Stasis of urine in the bladder andureter due to an obstruction to the outflow, by enlarged pros-tate, or cystocele. Serious acute ascending infections are likelyto follow extensively cystoscopic examination in some cases. THE URINARY TRACT f KIDNEYS 211 (ii) Partial or intermittent obstruction of a ureter with hydro-ureter and hydronephrosis, (iii) Cystitis and infections ofthe external meatus in children. Effects: Pyelitis and inflammation of the pelvis, dilatationof the pelvis, with infected urine: hydronephrosis (see p. 208)and pyonephrosis (pus in the dilated kidney pelvis), withdestruction of kidney tissue, and eventually, of the entire organ. Constitutional symptoms are those of a low grade, subacuteor intermittent sepsis, usually comparatively mild, but in cer-tain cases there is a high grade of infection. Special evidence :local pain and tenderness, and possibly a palpable enlargementof the kidney. Urinary findings are characteristic: pus-cells,. Fig. 46.—Simss position. red-blood cells, and, in some cases, the causal organisms can beisolated. Catheterization of the ureters may be indicated toconfirm the diagnosis, to determine the condition of each kidney,and for special methods of treatment. Principles of Treatment.—Constitutional measures for sepsis:fluids and diuretics to increase the secretion of urine and flushthe kidney pelvis. Urinary antiseptics: salol, hexamethyl-ene, for their bactericidal effect. Surgical measures are indicated in special cases: removal ofany obstruction to the ureter where this is possible, in case ofpelvic tumor or hydronephrosis; incision and drainage, ornephrectomy where there is severe sepsis, or destruction of thekidney 2. Chronic, tuberculous infections of the kidney while usually 212 ESSENTIALS OF SURGERY FOR NURSES secondary to similar lesions in other regio
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublishe, booksubjectsurgery
