. Nature sketches in temperate America, a series of sketches and a popular account of insects, birds, and plants, treated from some aspects of their evolution and ecological relations . s which frequent ponds are often carried on thefeet of water birds and thereby transported to new and similarhabitats where they may start a new colony. Habitats of Plants and Animals Merrlam and Allen, as well as others, believe that defin-able life zones are apparent over different regions of NorthAmerica. The dependencies upon the habitat of free-movinganimals, however, are not often clearly perceptible. The
. Nature sketches in temperate America, a series of sketches and a popular account of insects, birds, and plants, treated from some aspects of their evolution and ecological relations . s which frequent ponds are often carried on thefeet of water birds and thereby transported to new and similarhabitats where they may start a new colony. Habitats of Plants and Animals Merrlam and Allen, as well as others, believe that defin-able life zones are apparent over different regions of NorthAmerica. The dependencies upon the habitat of free-movinganimals, however, are not often clearly perceptible. Theserelations of the environment are generally not so evident, forinstance, as the physical effect that water or light exerts uponfixed plants. But in some special cases they are quite physiographic features in the landscape doubtless have agreat deal to do with determining the habitat of animals andplants. The real habitat of an animal is determined by theplace in which It habitually breeds. Woodworth,^ in an article on The Relation between Base See classified habitats at the end of this book. American Geohgist, XIV, 1894!. ECOLOGY — INTERPRETATION OF ENVIRONMENT 319. Map of the Great Lakes Region, showing the former glaciated area. White portion indicates ice sheet; the fine vertical lines, older drift; fine dots, driftless area. Chicago, Dune Park, and Lakeside, Michigan, noted. 320 NATURE SKETCHES IN TEMPERATE AMERICA Levelling and Organic Evolution, has shown that base levellingprocesses influence the evolution of a species by erecting newand destroying old barriers. In this way there is causedisolation, or intervention of crossing between a separatedsection of a species or kind on the one hajad, and interminglingof species on the other. Clements ^ remarks that the beginningof all the primary and many secondary successions of plantlife is to be sought in physiographic processes which produce
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