. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 1 BULLETIN No. 256 VM^v'-jfclfy Contribution from the Bureau of Entomology jjC^'^wL L. O. HOWARD, Chief S&f'^&J'i-. Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER July 27, 1915. KATYDIDS INJURIOUS TO ORANGES IN CALIFORNIA. By J. R. Horton and C. E. Pemberton, Scientific Assistants, Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Insect Investigations. INTRODUCTION. There are at the present time in the San Joaquin Valley of Cali- fornia over 43,000 acres of land devoted exclusively to the cultivation of citrus.
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 1 BULLETIN No. 256 VM^v'-jfclfy Contribution from the Bureau of Entomology jjC^'^wL L. O. HOWARD, Chief S&f'^&J'i-. Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER July 27, 1915. KATYDIDS INJURIOUS TO ORANGES IN CALIFORNIA. By J. R. Horton and C. E. Pemberton, Scientific Assistants, Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Insect Investigations. INTRODUCTION. There are at the present time in the San Joaquin Valley of Cali- fornia over 43,000 acres of land devoted exclusively to the cultivation of citrus. The citrus strip lies along the Sierra foothills between Bakersfield and Fresno. Although some citrus trees have been grown in this area for more than 25 years, most of this great acreage has been planted in the last 15 years. The transformation of this strip of land from a semiarid grain-growing belt into an irrigated fruit-growing area has so changed the status of certain formerly obscure species of insects native to the locality as now to bring them into prominence as pests. One of the more important of these species is the fork-tailed katy- did, Scudderiafurcata Brunner. The amount of damage done by this insect has increased considerably since 1910, when it first came to the attention of the senior author. In 1912 it caused a loss in several orchards of a full fourth of the crop. Associated with the fork-tailed katydid in the orange groves and closely resembling it is the angular-winged katydid, Microcentrum rhom- bifolium (Sauss.). This insect is also responsible for a certain amount of injury to orange trees annually, feeding voraciously, as it does, upon the leaves. It is, however, of much less importance than the former, and is treated here rather because of close association with and resemblance to the fork-tailed katydid than on account of its economic importance. No distinction has heretofore been made between these two species in the orange groves of California. THE
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