. The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette. Architecture; Civil engineering; Science. lsi7.] THK CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECPS JOURNAL. 131 A NEW THEORY OF THE EARTH, THAT FULLY AC- COUNTS FOR MANY ASTRONOMICAL, GEOGRAPHtCAL AND GEOLOGICAL PHENOMENA, HITHERTO UNAC- COUNTED FOR. By Oliver Byrne. f Continued from page Tlie following illustration will show, in a very simple manner, how different effects appear to be produced by investigating causes separately, that act jointly. a C 1 â , 1 â *. '^ -^7 s - fT . ~ X /f ^'" . , 2 ""^^ A &qu
. The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette. Architecture; Civil engineering; Science. lsi7.] THK CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECPS JOURNAL. 131 A NEW THEORY OF THE EARTH, THAT FULLY AC- COUNTS FOR MANY ASTRONOMICAL, GEOGRAPHtCAL AND GEOLOGICAL PHENOMENA, HITHERTO UNAC- COUNTED FOR. By Oliver Byrne. f Continued from page Tlie following illustration will show, in a very simple manner, how different effects appear to be produced by investigating causes separately, that act jointly. a C 1 â , 1 â *. '^ -^7 s - fT . ~ X /f ^'" . , 2 ""^^ A " -1 j p Let a material point P, be acted upon by two uniform forces at the same time, in the directions P A, P B, and let the lines P A, P B, re- present the magnitudes of these forces. It is well known, by what is technically called the parallelogram of forces, that it will not obey either of these forces, but the combine J effect of both, and describe the diagonal P C. Now the point P, would arrive at C, in precisely the same time, if the causes of action be investigated separately, even if at every alternate instant the forces alternately act; yet the path described by P, would be very different from the true one, which the joint actions of the two forces cause it to describe. The zigzag path P, 1, 2, 3, &c., will be at best but an approximate to the true one P C. This illustration of combined action, viewed jointly and sepa- rately, simple as it is, compared with the joint actions of the sun, moon, and the other bodies in the solar system, on the excess before mentioned, shows how astronomers, by continually correcting a false hypothesis, have distorted the true motion, which we shall continue to explain. In stating that the earth's axis changes its position, we do not consider the mass moveable with it;âno; the change of the axis, which is to be understood by what is termed its rigM motion, changes the position of the equator, and, therefore, the latitudes of all
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