. Eastern forest insects. Forest insects. viewed the literature on the biology, ecology, and control of the European pine sawfly. Neodiprion excitans Rohwer occurs from Virginia to Florida and west to Texas. Loblolly and shortleaf pines are its preferred hosts. Slash, longleaf, pond, and Sondregger pines are also at- tacked but to a much lesser extent (709). The full-grown larva is olive-green and about 25 mm. long. (fig. 181). Its head is glossy black, there are two longitudinal black stripes on the dorsum, a row of black spots on each side, and a large black spot on the last abdominal segmen
. Eastern forest insects. Forest insects. viewed the literature on the biology, ecology, and control of the European pine sawfly. Neodiprion excitans Rohwer occurs from Virginia to Florida and west to Texas. Loblolly and shortleaf pines are its preferred hosts. Slash, longleaf, pond, and Sondregger pines are also at- tacked but to a much lesser extent (709). The full-grown larva is olive-green and about 25 mm. long. (fig. 181). Its head is glossy black, there are two longitudinal black stripes on the dorsum, a row of black spots on each side, and a large black spot on the last abdominal segment. Winter is spent mostly in cocoons, but occasionally in the egg stage or as older larvae. Adult appearance begins in early spring and continues until it reaches a peak in late summer. Egg laying begins in March by the female inserting her eggs in slits cut near the bases of needles. Needles closest to the tips of exposed shoots are chosen during spring and fall, whereas needles on shaded shoots are chosen during hot weather. The peak of egg laying occurs in July or August in east Texas and from late August to October in the Southeast. Newly-hatched larvae are gregarious, often with several encircling a single needle. Older larvae feed singly or in pairs on a single needle, preferably older needles. They usually eat most of the needle, leaving only a stub. Some- times they attack the needle at the base first, causing the re- mainder of the needle to fall. When a branch is completely defoliated, the larvae migrate in groups to other branches or trees. Full-grown larvae either drop to the ground and spin tough, light to dark brown cocoons in the duff or loose topsoil, or remain on the tree and spin their cocoons on twigs, needles, or F-514368 Figure 181.—Larva of Neodiprion 449. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectl
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookcollectionbiodive, booksubjectforestinsects
