. England in the nineteenth century;. or them at a fixedrate in Government factories. Lord Palmerston professedto think that the moral ground taken by the Chinesegovernment was a pretext for destroying British com-merce with China, and injuring the revenues of the EnglishGovernment. The quarrel went on some time before thedisputants had recourse to arms. The war on the part ofthe English was a succession of cheap victories. TheChinese fought bravely, but their guns were as old as thedays of Queen Elizabeth. At last they asked for peace onany terms. The English demanded that Hong-Kong, asmall i
. England in the nineteenth century;. or them at a fixedrate in Government factories. Lord Palmerston professedto think that the moral ground taken by the Chinesegovernment was a pretext for destroying British com-merce with China, and injuring the revenues of the EnglishGovernment. The quarrel went on some time before thedisputants had recourse to arms. The war on the part ofthe English was a succession of cheap victories. TheChinese fought bravely, but their guns were as old as thedays of Queen Elizabeth. At last they asked for peace onany terms. The English demanded that Hong-Kong, asmall island, should be ceded to them, and five ports ofentry be assigned them. Traffic was to be opened to allforeigners, and the English were to treat with the Chineseon equal terms. This, with the indemnity exacted, pro-cured peace. But Justin McCarthy has remarked, whenspeaking on this subject, • As children say the snow bringsmore snow, so did this war with China bring on others. When Lady Sale and her fellow-captives got back safely. GENERAL SIR HENRY 11 AVELOCK THE CABUL MASSACRE. 193 to Hindoostan, Dost Mohammed was released from hiscaptivity. Lord EUenborough in a proclamation declaredthat to force a sovereign on a reluctant people was asinconsistent with the policy as it was with the principles ofthe British Government, and before long Dost Mohammedwas restored to his throne. He continued to be a goodfriend to the English. He had seen their power, andexperienced their humanity; and he made a treaty withthe Indian Government by which he bound himself to giveno ear to the intrigues of any other foreign Power. It seems strange that these terrible experiences of 1842should have been in part repeated, nearly a quarter of acentury later, on the same ground, and partly from the samecauses; for the terrible massacres of 1841 and 1842 werenot the only massacres of Cabul. The Duke of Wellington ascribed the disaster, whosehistory I have just narrated, to the attempt to make waron a
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