. Anatomy, descriptive and applied. Anatomy. 550 THE VASCULAR SYSTEMS in front and the auricles behind—is termed the transverse sinus {simis transversus pericardii). The serous pericardium is smooth and glistening, and transudes a serous fluid, which serves to facilitate the movements of the heart. The Vestigial Fold of the Pericardium.—Between the left pulmonary artery and subjacent pulmonary vein and behind the left extremity of the transverse sinus is a triangular fold of the serous pericardium; it is known as the vestigial fold of Marshall (ligavientum v. cavae sinistrae). It is formed by
. Anatomy, descriptive and applied. Anatomy. 550 THE VASCULAR SYSTEMS in front and the auricles behind—is termed the transverse sinus {simis transversus pericardii). The serous pericardium is smooth and glistening, and transudes a serous fluid, which serves to facilitate the movements of the heart. The Vestigial Fold of the Pericardium.—Between the left pulmonary artery and subjacent pulmonary vein and behind the left extremity of the transverse sinus is a triangular fold of the serous pericardium; it is known as the vestigial fold of Marshall (ligavientum v. cavae sinistrae). It is formed by the duplicature of the serous layer over the remnant of the lower part of the fetal left superior vena cava (». cam sinistra), or the duct of Cuvier, which becomes impervious after bu-th, and remains as a fibrous band stretching from the left superior intercostal vein. Fig. 409.—Posterior wall of the pericardial c, showing the lines of reflection of the s great veaaeU. ! pericardium from the to the left auricle, where it is continuous with a small vein, the oblique vein of Marshall (v. obliqua atrii sinistri [Marshalli]), which opens into the coronary sinus. The arteries of the pericardium are derived from the internal mammary and its mtisculo- phrenic branch, and from the descending thoracic aorta. The nerves of the pericardium are derived from the vagi, the phrenics, and the sympathetics. Applied Anatomy.—The effusion of fluid into the pericardial sac often occurs in acute rheu- _matism or pneumonia, or in patients with chronic vascular and renal disease, embarrassing the heart's action and giving rise to signs of cardiac distress, such as pallor, a rapid and feeble pulse, dyspnea, and restlessness. On examination, the apical cardiac impulse is absent, or replaced by a more extensive indefinite and wavering pulsation; it may appear to be in the second, third, or fourth left space, and is then not an apex impulse, as Potain has stated, but due to the impact of some po
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectanatomy, bookyear1913
