. Annual report of the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station; Agriculture -- New York (State). Teachers' Leaflet. 571. The pitch pine. LESSON XXXIL A PINE TREE. Purpose.— To make the pupils familiar with the appearance of a pine tree, so as to be able to dis- tinguish it at once from other ever- green trees. Observations.—1 Compared with other trees what is the general shap of the pine? 2. Is there one central stem running from rot to top? 3. Does this central sten divide in two or three toward tht top? If so why? 4
. Annual report of the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station; Agriculture -- New York (State). Teachers' Leaflet. 571. The pitch pine. LESSON XXXIL A PINE TREE. Purpose.— To make the pupils familiar with the appearance of a pine tree, so as to be able to dis- tinguish it at once from other ever- green trees. Observations.—1 Compared with other trees what is the general shap of the pine? 2. Is there one central stem running from rot to top? 3. Does this central sten divide in two or three toward tht top? If so why? 4. What is the color and character of the bark? 5. Do the branches extend at right angles to the tree or do they point upward, like the branches of a maple? 6. What is the color of the foliage and where is it borne on the limbs ? 7. What is it makes the pine look different from the Norway spruce or hemlock? 8. Where is the resin found and of what use is this to the tree ? Facts for. teacher.—All the cone-bearing trees have typically a central stem extending straight from the base to the " tip top " of the tree, the growing tip of which is called the leader. This central, straight stem gives it a peculiar appear- ance, quite different from that of the oak or the maple whose trunks divide into many branches. Sometimes pines will be found where this central stem divides into two or three near the top. This shape is abnormal, and was caused by an injury to the leader, made by a beetle whose larva bores into this top shoot; for when the leader is killed usually its place is taken by one of the branches in the whorl at its base; however, sometimes two or even three branches of this whorl become ambitious to take the place of the lost leader with the result tliat, for the rest of its life, the tree has two or three stems instead of the one which is natural. The color of the pine foliage differs with different species; that of the white pine is very dark green and that o
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