Scientific American Volume 77 Number 07 (August 1897) . cured from fore-and-aft movement by heavy anchors. They are also A NEW METHOD OF BVILDING SUBHESGEDFOUNDATIONS. We recently had an opportunity to Inspect a full size secured by cables to auxiliary anchor barges, which working model of the proposed system of building sub-merged foundations which is shown in the accompany-ing illustrations. Its author, Mr. D. Jordan, a con-tractor of 800 Fulton Street, San Francisco, Cal., has formany years been engaged in the construction of vari-ous kinds of pier and bulkhead work, and the presentmethod h
Scientific American Volume 77 Number 07 (August 1897) . cured from fore-and-aft movement by heavy anchors. They are also A NEW METHOD OF BVILDING SUBHESGEDFOUNDATIONS. We recently had an opportunity to Inspect a full size secured by cables to auxiliary anchor barges, which working model of the proposed system of building sub-merged foundations which is shown in the accompany-ing illustrations. Its author, Mr. D. Jordan, a con-tractor of 800 Fulton Street, San Francisco, Cal., has formany years been engaged in the construction of vari-ous kinds of pier and bulkhead work, and the presentmethod has been devised with a view to expediting theconstruction and lessening the cost of such work onall sites which offer a suitable foundation. There are at present in use two or three leading sys-tems of building such work. The first and most com-mon is the pneumatic process, in which a caisson con-taining a working chamber is sunk to bed rock or othersufficiently firm material, the caisson being filled inwith concrete and the masonry pier built upon it. SUSPENSION METHOD OF BUILDING SUBMERGED FOUNDATIONS, to the required height. In .this system the caisson issurrounded by a cofferdam which permits the masonryto be laid dry until it is well above high water, theweight of the masonry serving to sink the caisson. Acommon method is to sink an open cofferdam, pumpout the water, and excavate the material with plan is to drive piling, cut it off just abovethe river bottom, sink a grillage of 13 by 13 timbersupon it, building the masonry pier upon the grillageto the required height. Another system, frequentlyused in the construction of Hbreakwaters, is to build are themselves provided with longitudinal and trans-verse centerboards, and are anchored in three direc-tions as shown. The cables which connect the pierbarges to the anchorage barges pass from the side ofthe former through sheaves on the latter and are car-ried back to the pier barge and drawn taut with awindlass
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