. Journal of electricity. impulse wheel, so that the speed waslower than desirable, for obtaining best results with a Francisturbine, nevertheless the hydraulic wear and tear proved tobe exceedingly small. During about seven years of operation,the runner, guide vanes, and other parts in contact with thewater flowing at high velocity, required no replacement, andthe wearing qualities of these parts proved to be at leastequal to what it would have been possible with the corre-sponding parts of an impulse wheel. The efficiency of theunit remained practically constant, and, exceeding 86 per centat
. Journal of electricity. impulse wheel, so that the speed waslower than desirable, for obtaining best results with a Francisturbine, nevertheless the hydraulic wear and tear proved tobe exceedingly small. During about seven years of operation,the runner, guide vanes, and other parts in contact with thewater flowing at high velocity, required no replacement, andthe wearing qualities of these parts proved to be at leastequal to what it would have been possible with the corre-sponding parts of an impulse wheel. The efficiency of theunit remained practically constant, and, exceeding 86 per centat all periods, was higher than could have ever been obtainedwith an impulse design, especially one embodying a multiplejet arrangement. With the exception of an improvement in the designof the hydraulic balancing device as a natural result of theprogress of the art, this unit is today the same as originallydesigned. Its splendid operating record has proved beyond adoubt that the correct application of a Francis turbine for. Single discharge Francis turbine, 550 ft. head, 4000 horsepower, 720revolutions per minute. Two built in 1911, for Cleveland Cliffs IronCompany, Carp River Plant, Michigan. high heads is well justified and that it offers manifold ad-vantages over that of an impulse wheel under identical oper-ating conditions. February 1, 1918] JOURNAL OF ELECTRICITY 159
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidjo, booksubjectelectricity
